c语言实现图像滤波处理

article/2025/10/27 22:36:51

#include<stdio.h>
#include<malloc.h>
#include<stdlib.h>
#include <math.h>
/*
位图头结构
*/
#pragma pack(1)
typedef struct tagBITMAPFILEHEADER
{unsigned char bfType[2];//文件格式unsigned long bfSize;//文件大小unsigned short bfReserved1;//保留unsigned short bfReserved2;unsigned long bfOffBits; //DIB数据在文件中的偏移量
}fileHeader;
#pragma pack()/*
位图数据信息结构
*/
#pragma pack(1)
typedef struct tagBITMAPINFOHEADER
{unsigned long biSize;//该结构的大小long biWidth;//文件宽度long biHeight;//文件高度unsigned short biPlanes;//平面数unsigned short biBitCount;//颜色位数unsigned long biCompression;//压缩类型unsigned long biSizeImage;//DIB数据区大小long biXPixPerMeter;long biYPixPerMeter;unsigned long biClrUsed;//多少颜色索引表unsigned long biClrImporant;//多少重要颜色
}fileInfo;
#pragma pack()
typedef struct tagRGBQUAD
{unsigned char rgbBlue; //蓝色分量亮度unsigned char rgbGreen;//绿色分量亮度unsigned char rgbRed;//红色分量亮度unsigned char rgbReserved;
}rgbq;
#pragma pack()int main()
{unsigned char ImgData1[640][640];unsigned char ImgData2[1000];unsigned char ImgData3[1000];int i, j, k;FILE* fpGray, * fpGrayLow, * fpGrayHigh;fileHeader* fh;fileInfo* fi;rgbq* fq;char filename1[20], filename2[20], filename3[20];errno_t error;printf("输入图像文件名：");scanf_s("%s", filename1, 20);error = fopen_s(&fpGray, filename1, "rb+");if (error != 0){printf("打开文件失败");exit(0);}printf("输出低通滤波后图像文件名：");scanf_s("%s", filename2, 20);error = fopen_s(&fpGrayLow, filename2, "wb");if (error != 0){printf("创建文件失败");exit(0);}printf("输出高通滤波后图像文件名：");scanf_s("%s", filename3, 20);error = fopen_s(&fpGrayHigh, filename3, "wb");if (error != 0){printf("创建文件失败");exit(0);}fh = (fileHeader*)malloc(sizeof(fileHeader));fi = (fileInfo*)malloc(sizeof(fileInfo));//读取位图头结构和信息头fread(fh, sizeof(fileHeader), 1, fpGray);fread(fi, sizeof(fileInfo), 1, fpGray);//修改头信息fi->biBitCount = 8;fi->biSizeImage = ((fi->biWidth * 3 + 3) / 4) * 4 * fi->biHeight;fi->biClrUsed = 256;fh->bfOffBits = sizeof(fileHeader) + sizeof(fileInfo) + 256 * sizeof(rgbq);fh->bfSize = fh->bfOffBits + fi->biSizeImage;fq = (rgbq*)malloc(256 * sizeof(rgbq));for (i = 0; i < 256; i++){fq[i].rgbBlue = fq[i].rgbGreen = fq[i].rgbRed = i;fq[i].rgbReserved=0;}fread(fq, sizeof(rgbq), 256, fpGray);//将头信息写入fwrite(fh, sizeof(fileHeader), 1, fpGrayLow);fwrite(fi, sizeof(fileInfo), 1, fpGrayLow);fwrite(fq, sizeof(rgbq), 256, fpGrayLow);fwrite(fh, sizeof(fileHeader), 1, fpGrayHigh);fwrite(fi, sizeof(fileInfo), 1, fpGrayHigh);fwrite(fq, sizeof(rgbq), 256, fpGrayHigh);for (i = 0; i < fi->biHeight; i++){for (j = 0; j < fi->biWidth; j++){fread(&ImgData1[i][j], 1, 1, fpGray);}}for (i = 0; i < fi->biHeight; i++)  //平滑{for (j = 0; j < fi->biWidth; j++){if (i == 0 || i == fi->biHeight - 1||j==0||j== fi->biWidth-1)ImgData2[j] = ImgData1[i][j];elseImgData2[j] = (int)((ImgData1[i - 1][j + 1] + ImgData1[i - 1][j] + ImgData1[i - 1][j - 1] + ImgData1[i][j + 1] + ImgData1[i][j] + ImgData1[i][j - 1] + ImgData1[i + 1][j + 1] + ImgData1[i +1][j] + ImgData1[i + 1][j - 1]) / 9);}//将灰度图信息写入fwrite(ImgData2, j, 1, fpGrayLow);}for (i = 0; i < fi->biHeight; i++)   //锐化{for (j = 0; j < fi->biWidth; j++){if (i == 0 || i == fi->biHeight - 1 || j == 0 || j == fi->biWidth - 1)ImgData3[j] = ImgData1[i][j];elseImgData3[j] = 9 * ImgData1[i][j] - (ImgData1[i - 1][j + 1] + ImgData1[i - 1][j] + ImgData1[i - 1][j - 1] + ImgData1[i][j + 1] + ImgData1[i][j - 1] + ImgData1[i + 1][j + 1] + ImgData1[i + 1][j] + ImgData1[i + 1][j - 1]);}//将灰度图信息写入fwrite(ImgData3, j, 1, fpGrayHigh);}free(fh);free(fi);free(fq);fclose(fpGray);fclose(fpGrayLow);fclose(fpGrayHigh);printf("success\n");return 0;
}