前端代码
<form id="uploadForm" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"><label >上传电子书</label><input type="file" name="file" ><button id="upload" type="button" name="button" >上传</button>
</form>$("#upload").click(function () {var formData = new FormData($('#uploadForm')[0]);$.ajax({type: 'post',url: "https://****:8443/fileUpload", //上传文件的请求路径必须是绝对路劲data: formData,cache: false,processData: false,contentType: false,}).success(function (data) {console.log(data);alert("上传成功"+data);filename=data;}).error(function () {alert("上传失败");});});首先创建一个FormData实例，也就是空对象，将页面中现有form表单将他初始化。通过AJAX提交给后台
后端代码
@PostMapping(value = "/fileUpload")@ResponseBodypublic String fileUpload(@RequestParam(value = "file") MultipartFile file, Model model, HttpServletRequest request) {if (file.isEmpty()) {System.out.println("文件为空空");}String fileName = file.getOriginalFilename(); // 文件名System.out.println(file.getOriginalFilename());String suffixName = fileName.substring(fileName.lastIndexOf(".")); // 后缀名String filePath = "C://pdf//"; // 上传后的路径fileName = UUID.randomUUID() + suffixName; // 新文件名File dest = new File(filePath + fileName);System.out.println("pdf文件路径为："+dest.getPath());if (!dest.getParentFile().exists()) {dest.getParentFile().mkdirs();System.out.println("上传pdf文件+++++++++++");System.out.println("pdf文件路径为："+dest.getPath());}try {file.transferTo(dest);} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}String filename = "/pdf/" + fileName;return fileName;}注意
1.@RequestParam(value = “file”) 中的file需要和input中的name属性一致。
2.提交按钮类型Type=“Button”如果为“submit”的话，提交完数据会刷新一次页面。
上传多个文件
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Ajax上传</title><script src="js/jquery-1.12.4.js"></script>
</head>
<body><h1>文件上传</h1><form id="f" enctype="multipart/form-data">UserName:<input type="text" name="userName"><br/>File1:<input type="file" name="file"><br/>File2:<input type="file" name="file"><br/><input type="button" id="btn" value="提交"></form>
</body>
<script>$(function () {$("#btn").on("click",function () {//使用FormData对象来提交整个表单，它支持文件的上传var formData=new FormData(document.getElementById("f"));//额外带来一些数据formData.append("age",14);//使用ajax提交$.ajax("ajaxUpload",{type:"post",data:formData,processData:false,//告诉jquery不要去处理请求的数据格式contentType:false,//告诉jquery不要设置请求头的类型success:function (data) {alert(data);}});})})
</script>
</html>@WebServlet("/ajaxUpload")
@MultipartConfig //开启上传功能
/*** @author hh*/
public class FileUploadServlet extends HttpServlet {@Overrideprotected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {req.setCharacterEncoding("utf-8");//获取用户名String userName=req.getParameter("userName");//获取年龄String age=req.getParameter("age");System.out.println(userName);System.out.println(age);//获取项目部署的绝对路径String uploadPath=req.getServletContext().getRealPath("/photos");//构建上传的文件夹File dir=new File(uploadPath);if(!dir.exists()){dir.mkdir();}//获取所有上传的PartCollection<Part> parts= req.getParts();for (Part part:parts) {//判断上传的类型是否为空，如果为空则不执行上传if(part.getContentType()!=null){//获取文件名String fileName=part.getSubmittedFileName();//执行上传part.write(uploadPath+File.separator+fileName);}}//响应上传成功resp.getWriter().println("uplaod success");}
}
