maven项目常用的打包方式

一、无依赖其他任何jar

<build>  <plugins>  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>  <version>2.4</version>  <configuration>  <archive>  <manifest>  <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>  <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>  <mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>  </manifest>  </archive>  </configuration>  </plugin>  </plugins>  </build>

运行：mvn clean package，在target中找到打包出来的，命令后运行java -jar xxx.jar即可，但是如果程序有依赖其他包，比如程序依赖jdbc去查询db，这时候再执行就会出现找不到jdbc依赖，因为我们并没有将依赖包打进去

二、解决依赖其他包时，可执行jar的打包

1、

<build>  <plugins>  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>  <version>2.3</version>  <configuration>  <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>  <descriptorRefs>  <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>  </descriptorRefs>  <archive>  <manifest>  <mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>  </manifest>  </archive>  </configuration>  <executions>  <execution>  <id>make-assembly</id>  <phase>package</phase>  <goals>  <goal>assembly</goal>  </goals>  </execution>  </executions>  </plugin>  </plugins>  </build>

但以上方式用的比较少，因为我们依赖的jar，也会打进到我们最终生成的jar，这样不太好，假如你生成的jar要给别人使用，最好给一个纯净的。
一般用assembly会再用他另外一个功能，将我们的jar归档，打包成一个zip

2、打成一个zip包，发布项目的时候，将zip包copy到服务器上，直接unzip xxx.zip，里面包含要运行到jar以及依赖的lib，还有配置的config文件，即可直接启动服务

<build>  <resources>  <!-- 控制资源文件的拷贝 -->  <resource>  <directory>src/main/resources</directory>  <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>  </resource>  </resources>  <plugins>  <!-- 设置源文件编码方式 -->  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>  <configuration>  <source>1.6</source>  <target>1.6</target>  <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  </configuration>  </plugin>  <!-- The configuration of maven-jar-plugin -->  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>  <version>2.4</version>  <!-- The configuration of the plugin -->  <configuration>  <!-- Configuration of the archiver -->  <archive>  <!-- 生成的jar中，不要包含pom.xml和pom.properties这两个文件 -->  <addMavenDescriptor>false</addMavenDescriptor>  <!-- Manifest specific configuration -->  <manifest>  <!-- 是否要把第三方jar放到manifest的classpath中 -->  <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>  <!-- 生成的manifest中classpath的前缀，因为要把第三方jar放到lib目录下，所以classpath的前缀是lib/ -->  <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>  <!-- 应用的main class -->  <mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>  </manifest>  </archive>  <!-- 过滤掉不希望包含在jar中的文件 -->  <!--<excludes>-->  <!--<exclude>${project.basedir}/xml/*</exclude>-->  <!--</excludes>-->  </configuration>  </plugin>  <!-- The configuration of maven-assembly-plugin -->  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>  <version>2.4</version>  <!-- The configuration of the plugin -->  <configuration>  <!-- Specifies the configuration file of the assembly plugin -->  <descriptors>  <descriptor>src/main/assembly/assembly.xml</descriptor>  </descriptors>  </configuration>  <executions>  <execution>  <id>make-assembly</id>  <phase>package</phase>  <goals>  <goal>single</goal>  </goals>  </execution>  </executions>  </plugin>  </plugins>  </build>

还有一个重要的文件，名字可以随便起，我上面用的是 src/main/assembly/assembly.xml

<assembly>  <id>bin</id>  <includeBaseDirectory>false</includeBaseDirectory>  <!-- 最终打包成一个用于发布的zip文件 -->  <formats>  <format>zip</format>  </formats>  <!-- Adds dependencies to zip package under lib directory -->  <dependencySets>  <dependencySet>  <!-- 不使用项目的artifact，第三方jar不要解压，打包进zip文件的lib目录 -->  <useProjectArtifact>false</useProjectArtifact>  <!--<outputDirectory>lib</outputDirectory>-->  <unpack>false</unpack>  </dependencySet>  </dependencySets>  <fileSets>  <!-- 把项目相关的说明文件，打包进zip文件的根目录 -->  <!--<fileSet>-->  <!--<directory>${project.basedir}</directory>-->  <!--<outputDirectory>/</outputDirectory>-->  <!--</fileSet>-->  <!-- 把项目的配置文件，打包进zip文件的config目录 -->  <fileSet>  <directory>${deploy.dir}/classes/</directory>  <outputDirectory>/conf</outputDirectory>  <includes>  <include>*.xml</include>  <include>*.properties</include>  </includes>  </fileSet>  <!-- 把项目自己编译出来的jar文件，打包进zip文件的根目录 -->  <fileSet>  <directory>${project.build.directory}</directory>  <outputDirectory></outputDirectory>  <includes>  <include>*.jar</include>  </includes>  </fileSet>  </fileSets>  
</assembly>

最终执行命令：mvn clean package，出来的是这样的
这里写图片描述

解压zip包，我们看到我们想要的，good

3、还有一种打包方式，上面相当于把我们想要的东西打成一个zip包，全部放到一起，看着整洁好看，但有点繁琐，我们其实可以用另外一个插件来完成，不打包，即看到上图解压后的文件

[html] view plain copy
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"  xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">  <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>  <groupId>com.test</groupId>  <artifactId>myTestJar</artifactId>  <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>  <packaging>jar</packaging>  <name>myTestJar</name>  <url>http://maven.apache.org</url>  <properties>  <deploy.dir>./target/</deploy.dir>  <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding>  </properties>  <dependencies>  <dependency>  <groupId>junit</groupId>  <artifactId>junit</artifactId>  <version>3.8.1</version>  <scope>test</scope>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>  <artifactId>druid</artifactId>  <version>1.0.9</version>  </dependency>  <dependency>  <groupId>mysql</groupId>  <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>  <version>5.1.32</version>  </dependency>  </dependencies>  <build>  <finalName>myTest</finalName>  <sourceDirectory>src/main/java</sourceDirectory>  <resources>  <!-- 控制资源文件的拷贝 -->  <resource>  <directory>src/main/resources</directory>  <targetPath>${project.build.directory}</targetPath>  </resource>  </resources>  <plugins>  <!-- 设置源文件编码方式 -->  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>  <configuration>  <defaultLibBundleDir>lib</defaultLibBundleDir>  <source>1.6</source>  <target>1.6</target>  <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  </configuration>  </plugin>  <!-- 打包jar文件时，配置manifest文件，加入lib包的jar依赖 -->  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-jar-plugin</artifactId>  <configuration>  <archive>  <manifest>  <addClasspath>true</addClasspath>  <classpathPrefix>lib/</classpathPrefix>  <mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>  </manifest>  </archive>  </configuration>  </plugin>  <!-- 拷贝依赖的jar包到lib目录 -->  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-dependency-plugin</artifactId>  <executions>  <execution>  <id>copy</id>  <phase>package</phase>  <goals>  <goal>copy-dependencies</goal>  </goals>  <configuration>  <!-- ${project.build.directory}是maven变量，内置的，表示target目录,如果不写，将在跟目录下创建/lib -->  <outputDirectory>${project.build.directory}/lib</outputDirectory>  <!-- excludeTransitive:是否不包含间接依赖包，比如我们依赖A，但是A又依赖了B，我们是否也要把B打进去 默认不打-->  <excludeTransitive>true</excludeTransitive>  <!-- 复制的jar文件去掉版本信息 -->  <stripVersion>true</stripVersion>  </configuration>  </execution>  </executions>  </plugin>  <!-- 解决资源文件的编码问题 -->  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-resources-plugin</artifactId>  <version>2.3</version>  <configuration>  <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  </configuration>  </plugin>  <!-- 打包source文件为jar文件 -->  <plugin>  <artifactId>maven-source-plugin</artifactId>  <version>2.1</version>  <configuration>  <attach>true</attach>  <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  </configuration>  <executions>  <execution>  <phase>compile</phase>  <goals>  <goal>jar</goal>  </goals>  </execution>  </executions>  </plugin>  </plugins>  </build>  </project>

这里采用的是maven-dependency-plugin插件，进行资源的copy。
4、

<build>  <resources>  <resource>  <targetPath>${project.build.directory}/classes</targetPath>  <directory>src/main/resources</directory>  <filtering>true</filtering>  <includes>  <include>**/*.xml</include>  </includes>  </resource>  </resources>  <plugins>  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId>  <version>3.0</version>  <configuration>  <source>1.6</source>  <target>1.6</target>  <encoding>UTF-8</encoding>  </configuration>  </plugin>  <plugin>  <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>  <artifactId>maven-shade-plugin</artifactId>  <version>2.0</version>  <executions>  <execution>  <phase>package</phase>  <goals>  <goal>shade</goal>  </goals>  <configuration>  <transformers>  <transformer  implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.ManifestResourceTransformer">  <mainClass>com.think.TestMain</mainClass>  </transformer>  <!--<transformer-->  <!--implementation="org.apache.maven.plugins.shade.resource.AppendingTransformer">-->  <!--<resource>applicationContext.xml</resource>-->  <!--</transformer>-->  </transformers>  <shadedArtifactAttached>true</shadedArtifactAttached>  <shadedClassifierName>executable</shadedClassifierName>  </configuration>  </execution>  </executions>  </plugin>  </plugins>  </build>