1. 下载JSON源码,两个文件,分别为cJSON.h、cJSON.c;
JSON源码下载路径
2. 这里直接使用JSON源码,不编译成库;
2.1 cJSON.c 、cJSON.h为第1中下载的源码,这里不贴出;
2.2 test.c源码;
#include "stdlib.h"
#include "stdio.h"
#include "./cJSON.h"#define FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE 0 //DOUBLE有符号整形
#define FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE_U 1 //DOUBLE无符号整形
#define FIELD_TYPE_FLOAT 2 //FLOAT有符号整形
#define FIELD_TYPE_FLOAT_U 3 //FLOAT无符号整形
#define FIELD_TYPE_INT 4 //有符号整形(4字节)
#define FIELD_TYPE_INT_U 5 //无符号整形(4字节)
#define FIELD_TYPE_SHORT 6 //有符号短整形(2字节)
#define FIELD_TYPE_SHORT_U 7 //无符号短整形(2字节)
#define FIELD_TYPE_CHAR 8 //有符号字符(2字节)
#define FIELD_TYPE_CHAR_U 9 //无符号字符(2字节)
#define FIELD_TYPE_STRING 10 //字符串
#define FTILD_TYPE_TIME 11 //时间//描述:js格式解析,只处理一层的js格式
struct TJS{char *Field; //客户定义的字段int FieldType; //字段的格式类型,如整形,字符串cJSON *pJON; //json解析之后的字符串数据,实际使用时需将字符串转化成对应字段Field的数据
};//根据客户定义的js字段填充如下结构体
struct TJS g_TJsCfg[] = {{"startTime", FTILD_TYPE_TIME},{"endTime", FTILD_TYPE_TIME},{"UUID", FIELD_TYPE_STRING},{"subDeviceID", FTILD_TYPE_TIME},{"UserType", FIELD_TYPE_INT},{"CredenceType", FIELD_TYPE_INT},{"credenceNo", FIELD_TYPE_STRING},{"userName", FIELD_TYPE_STRING},{"userID", FIELD_TYPE_STRING},{"opTime", FTILD_TYPE_TIME},{"placeNo", FIELD_TYPE_STRING},{"placeLockNo", FIELD_TYPE_STRING},
};int g_iJsCfgNum = sizeof(g_TJsCfg)/sizeof(g_TJsCfg[0]);//描述:以下根据具体的需求提取数据,这里只是纯粹的用于验证JSON解析的数据是否正确
void printf_js(cJSON *pJSON, int FieldType)
{switch(FieldType){case FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE:case FIELD_TYPE_DOUBLE_U: printf("Name: %s, Data:%s\n", pJSON->string, pJSON->valuestring);break;case FIELD_TYPE_FLOAT:break;case FIELD_TYPE_FLOAT_U:break;case FIELD_TYPE_INT:case FIELD_TYPE_INT_U:printf("Name: %s, Data:%s\n", pJSON->string, pJSON->valuestring);break;case FIELD_TYPE_SHORT:break;case FIELD_TYPE_SHORT_U:break;case FIELD_TYPE_CHAR:break;case FIELD_TYPE_CHAR_U:break;case FIELD_TYPE_STRING:case FTILD_TYPE_TIME:printf("Name: %s, Data:%s\n", pJSON->string, pJSON->valuestring);break;default:printf("Unsupport fmt:%d\n", FieldType);}
}void parse_js(void)
{//假设接收到客户的js字段数据为char *pRevJson = "{\"startTime\":\"2017-11-10 08:00:01\",\\"endTime\":\"2020-11-10 08:00:01\",\\"UUID\":\"ca23bc4456de223de11a3a7a8ac1d2e3\",\\"subDeviceID\":\"2020-11-10 08:00:01\",\\"UserType\":\"1\",\\"CredenceType\":\"5\",\\"credenceNo\":\"粤A123456\",\\"userName\":\"张三\",\\"userID\":\"1002\",\\"opTime\":\"2017-11-10 08:00:01\",\\"placeNo\":\"CA12001\",\\"placeLockNo\":\"1234566\"\}";int idx;//1. 初始化接收到的客户端json数据cJSON *root = cJSON_Parse(pRevJson); if(!root) {printf("get root faild !\n");return;}//2. 解析客户的数据for (idx=0; idx<g_iJsCfgNum; idx++)g_TJsCfg[idx].pJON = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, g_TJsCfg[idx].Field);//3. 提取客户的数据for (idx=0; idx<g_iJsCfgNum; idx++){if (g_TJsCfg[idx].pJON)printf_js(g_TJsCfg[idx].pJON, g_TJsCfg[idx].FieldType);elseprintf("Name:%s, No data!\n", g_TJsCfg[idx].pJON->string);}//4. 释放内存,防止内存泄露!!!if (root)cJSON_Delete(root);
}int main(int argc, char **argv)
{parse_js();return 0;
}
2.3 makefile
#根据需求修改如下CC工具链
#CC=nuc972-arm-none-linux-gnueabi-gcc
CC=gcc
EXE=test_json
OBJ=test.c cJSON.c
all:$(CC) -o $(EXE) $(OBJ) -lm
clean:rm -rf $(EXE)
3. 执行makefile,编写测试程序,将生成可执行程序"test_json"
chenliang@test:~/smbShare/test/json$ make
gcc -o test_json test.c cJSON.c -lm
chenliang@test:~/smbShare/test/json$ ls
cJSON.c cJSON.h Makefile test.c test_json
4. 运行test_json应用程序
chenliang@test:~/smbShare/test/json$ ./test_json
Name: startTime, Data:2017-11-10 08:00:01
Name: endTime, Data:2020-11-10 08:00:01
Name: UUID, Data:ca23bc4456de223de11a3a7a8ac1d2e3
Name: subDeviceID, Data:2020-11-10 08:00:01
Name: UserType, Data:1
Name: CredenceType, Data:5
Name: credenceNo, Data:粤A123456
Name: userName, Data:张三
Name: userID, Data:1002
Name: opTime, Data:2017-11-10 08:00:01
Name: placeNo, Data:CA12001
Name: placeLockNo, Data:1234566
5. json数组嵌套解析
5.1 js格式语句
{"subDeviceID":"12345678901234567890","certMode":"2","certificateCardList":[{"UserType":1,"CredenceType":1,"credenceNo":"12345678","userName":"张三","userID":"1234567890","blackMode":"3","certTimeList":{"yearList":[{"start":"2019","end":"2019"}],"dayTimeList":[{"start":"08:00:00","end":"09:00:00"},{"start":"12:00:00","end":"14:00:00"}]}},{"UserType":1,"CredenceType":1,"credenceNo":"12345679","userName":"李四","userID":"1234567891","blackMode":"3","certTimeList":{"yearList":[{"start":"2019","end":"2019"}],"dayTimeList":[{"start":"08:00:00","end":"09:00:00"},{"start":"12:00:00","end":"14:00:00"}]}}],
"opTime":"2018-11-27 15:21:00"}
5.2 js数组解析编码
//以下要获取js语句,需强制性加‘/’,实际在接收到对端的js语句可直接解析,不需要加‘/’
char *s = "{\\"subDeviceID\":\"12345678901234567890\",\\"certMode\":\"2\",\\"certificateCardList\":[{\\"UserType\":1,\\"CredenceType\":1,\\"credenceNo\":\"12345678\",\\"userName\":\"ZhangSan\",\\"userID\":\"1234567890\",\\"blackMode\":\"3\",\\"certTimeList\":{\\"yearList\":[{\\"start\":\"2019\",\\"end\":\"2019\"\}],\\"dayTimeList\":[{\\"start\":\"08:00:00\",\\"end\":\"09:00:00\"},\{\"start\":\"12:00:00\",\\"end\":\"14:00:00\"}\]}\},\{\\"UserType\":1,\\"CredenceType\":1,\\"credenceNo\":\"12345679\",\\"userName\":\"LiSi\",\\"userID\":\"1234567891\",\\"blackMode\":\"3\",\\"certTimeList\":{\\"yearList\":[{\\"start\":\"2019\",\\"end\":\"2019\"\\}],\\"dayTimeList\":[{\\"start\":\"08:00:00\",\\"end\":\"09:00:00\"},\{\"start\":\"12:00:00\",\\"end\":\"14:00:00\"}\]}\}],\\"opTime\":\"2018-11-27 15:21:00\"}";
//备注:json格式学习--http://www.bejson.com/
void test_json()
{int array_size, certtimelist_arry_size, yearlist_array_size, datetimelist_arry_size, i, k;cJSON *js_list, *item, *it, *js_name;cJSON *js_certTimeList, *js_yearlist, *js_datetimelist;cJSON *js_year_start, *js_year_end;cJSON *js_time_start, *js_time_end;char *p;cJSON *root;//1. 获取根root = cJSON_Parse(s);if(!root) {printf("get root faild !\n");return -1;}//2. 获取数组列表js_list = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, "certificateCardList"); if(!js_list){printf("no list!\n");return -1;}//3. 获取数组个数array_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_list); printf("array size is: %d\n",array_size);//4. 遍历数组for(i=0; i< array_size; i++) { printf("-----------------------------\n");//5. 获取数组成员item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_list, i); if(!item)continue;p = cJSON_PrintUnformatted(item);it = cJSON_Parse(p);if(!it)continue ;//6. 获取数组成员名字js_name = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "userName");printf("userName is: %s\n",js_name->valuestring);//---------------------以下为获取时间------------------------//1. 获取时间数组列表js_certTimeList = cJSON_GetObjectItem(item, "certTimeList"); //2. 获取时间数组个数(以下逐次解析,这条语句忽略)certtimelist_arry_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_certTimeList); //3. 获取数组成员js_yearlist = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_certTimeList, "yearList"); if (js_yearlist){//4. 获取数组成员列表个数yearlist_array_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_yearlist);for (k=0; k<yearlist_array_size; k++){//5. 获取数组成员item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_yearlist, k); if(!item) {continue;}//6. 提取时间年信息p = cJSON_PrintUnformatted(item);it = cJSON_Parse(p);if(!it)continue ;//7. 获取数组成员“年”开始js_year_start = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "start"); printf("year start: %s\n",js_year_start->valuestring);//8. 获取数组成员“年”结束js_year_end = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "end"); printf("year end: %s\n",js_year_end->valuestring);}}//9. 获取数组成员js_datetimelist = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_certTimeList, "dayTimeList"); if (js_datetimelist) {//10. 获取数组成员列表个数datetimelist_arry_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_datetimelist);for (k=0; k<datetimelist_arry_size; k++){//11. 获取数组成员item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_datetimelist, k); //4. 获取数组成员if(!item) {continue;}//12. 提取时间信息p = cJSON_PrintUnformatted(item);it = cJSON_Parse(p);if(!it)continue ;//13. 获取数组时间“开始”js_time_start = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "start"); printf("time start: %s\n",js_time_start->valuestring);//14. 获取数组时间“结束”js_time_end = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "end");printf("time end: %s\n",js_time_end->valuestring);}}}if(root)cJSON_Delete(root);return 0;
}int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{test_json();return -1;
}
5.3 运行程序调试信息

6. 按如下格式解析数据
6.1 原始json语句
{"subDeviceID": "12345678901234567890","certMode": "2","certificateCardList": [{"UserType": 1,"CredenceType": 1,"credenceNo": "12345678","userName": "张三","userID": "1234567890","blackMode": "3","certTimeList": {"dayTimeList": [{"start": ["0800", "0900", "1210", "1530"],"end": ["0800", "0900", "1210", "1530"]},{"start": ["0800", "0900", "1210", "1530"],"end": ["0800", "0900", "1210", "1530"]}]}},{"UserType": 1,"CredenceType": 1,"credenceNo": "12345679","userName": "李四","userID": "1234567891","blackMode": "3","certTimeList": {"dayTimeList": [{"start": ["0800", "0900", "1210", "1530"],"end": ["0800", "0900", "1210", "1530"]},{"start": ["0800", "0900", "1210", "1530"],"end": ["0800", "0900", "1210", "1530"]}]}}],"opTime": "2018-11-27 15:21:00"
}
6.2 转换为C语言能够识别的JSON(只截取6.1中的一部分)
//以下要获取js语句,需强制性加‘/’,实际在接收到对端的js语句可直接解析,不需要加‘/’
char *s = "{\\"subDeviceID\":\"12345678901234567890\",\\"certMode\":\"2\",\\"certificateCardList\":[{\\"UserType\":1,\\"CredenceType\":1,\\"credenceNo\":\"12345678\",\\"userName\":\"ZhangSan\",\\"userID\":\"1234567890\",\\"blackMode\":\"3\",\\"certTimeList\":{\\"dayTimeList\": [{\\"start\": [\"0800\", \"0900\", \"1200\", \"1500\"],\\"end\": [\"0810\", \"0910\", \"1210\", \"1510\"]\},\{\"start\": [\"0820\", \"0920\", \"1220\", \"1520\"],\\"end\": [\"0830\", \"0930\", \"1230\", \"1530\"]\}\]\}\}\],\\"opTime\":\"2018-11-27 15:21:00\"}";
6.3 源代码
//备注:json格式学习--http://www.bejson.com/
void test_json()
{int array_size, certtimelist_arry_size, yearlist_array_size, datetimelist_arry_size, time_array_size, i, k, t;cJSON *js_list, *item, *item_time, *it, *js_name;cJSON *js_certTimeList, *js_yearlist, *js_datetimelist;cJSON *js_year_start, *js_year_end;cJSON *js_time_start, *js_time_end;char *p;cJSON *root;//1. 获取根root = cJSON_Parse(s);if(!root) {printf("get root faild !\n");return -1;}//2. 获取数组列表js_list = cJSON_GetObjectItem(root, "certificateCardList"); if(!js_list){printf("no list!\n");return -1;}//3. 获取数组个数array_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_list); printf("array size is: %d\n",array_size);//4. 遍历数组for(i=0; i< array_size; i++) { printf("-----------------------------\n");//5. 获取数组成员item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_list, i); if(!item)continue;p = cJSON_PrintUnformatted(item);it = cJSON_Parse(p);if(!it)continue ;//6. 获取数组成员名字js_name = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "userName");printf("userName is: %s\n",js_name->valuestring);//---------------------以下为获取时间------------------------//1. 获取时间数组列表js_certTimeList = cJSON_GetObjectItem(item, "certTimeList"); //2. 获取时间数组个数(以下逐次解析,这条语句忽略)certtimelist_arry_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_certTimeList); //3. 获取数组成员js_yearlist = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_certTimeList, "yearList"); if (js_yearlist){//4. 获取数组成员列表个数yearlist_array_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_yearlist);for (k=0; k<yearlist_array_size; k++){//5. 获取数组成员item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_yearlist, k); if(!item) {continue;}//6. 提取时间年信息p = cJSON_PrintUnformatted(item);it = cJSON_Parse(p);if(!it)continue ;//7. 获取数组成员“年”开始js_year_start = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "start"); printf("year start: %s\n",js_year_start->valuestring);//8. 获取数组成员“年”结束js_year_end = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "end"); printf("year end: %s\n",js_year_end->valuestring);}}//9. 获取数组成员js_datetimelist = cJSON_GetObjectItem(js_certTimeList, "dayTimeList"); if (js_datetimelist) {//10. 获取数组成员列表个数datetimelist_arry_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_datetimelist);for (k=0; k<datetimelist_arry_size; k++){//11. 获取数组成员item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_datetimelist, k); //4. 获取数组成员if(!item) {continue;}//12. 提取时间信息p = cJSON_PrintUnformatted(item);it = cJSON_Parse(p);if(!it)continue ;
#if 0 //原来的解码格式//13. 获取数组时间“开始”js_time_start = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "start"); printf("time start: %s\n",js_time_start->valuestring);//14. 获取数组时间“结束”js_time_end = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "end");printf("time end: %s\n",js_time_end->valuestring);#else //现在的解码格式//13. 获取数组时间“开始”js_time_start = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "start"); if (js_time_start){time_array_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_time_start);printf("------start: time_array_size=%d------\n", time_array_size);for (t=0; t<time_array_size; t++) {item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_time_start, t); if(!item)continue;printf("t=%d, %s\n", t, item->valuestring);}printf("\n");}//13. 获取数组时间“结束” js_time_start = cJSON_GetObjectItem(it, "end"); if (js_time_start){time_array_size = cJSON_GetArraySize(js_time_start);printf("------End: time_array_size=%d------\n", time_array_size);for (t=0; t<time_array_size; t++) {item = cJSON_GetArrayItem(js_time_start, t); if(!item)continue;printf("t=%d, %s\n", t, item->valuestring);}printf("\n");} #endif}}}if(root)cJSON_Delete(root);return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{test_json();return -1;
}
6.4 运行结果
chenliang@test:~/smbShare/test/json$ ./test_json
array size is: 1
-----------------------------
userName is: ZhangSan
------start: time_array_size=4------
t=0, 0800
t=1, 0900
t=2, 1200
t=3, 1500------End: time_array_size=4------
t=0, 0810
t=1, 0910
t=2, 1210
t=3, 1510------start: time_array_size=4------
t=0, 0820
t=1, 0920
t=2, 1220
t=3, 1520------End: time_array_size=4------
t=0, 0830
t=1, 0930
t=2, 1230
t=3, 1530
7. JSON编码
7.1 源码
int jsson_encode(void)
{cJSON *root;cJSON *arrayData;cJSON *dataArray;cJSON *timeArray;cJSON *weekArray;cJSON *weekObj;cJSON *oneItem;cJSON *str;int i;//以下值从flash中取出按上次的方式转换成16进制字符串const char *week1Str1[] = {"0800", "0900", "1200", "1500"};const char *week2Str1[] = {"0810", "0910", "1210", "1510"};const char *week1Str2[] = {"0820", "0920", "1220", "1520"};const char *week2Str2[] = {"0830", "0930", "1230", "1530"};//1. 根创建root = cJSON_CreateObject();//2. 增加subDeviceIDstr = cJSON_CreateString("12345678901234567890");cJSON_AddItemToObject(root,"subDeviceID", str);//3. 增加certModecJSON_AddNumberToObject(root,"certMode", 2);//4. 增加数组DataarrayData = cJSON_CreateArray();cJSON_AddItemToObject(root,"Data", arrayData);//5. 创建Data的数组dataArraydataArray = cJSON_CreateObject();cJSON_AddItemToArray(arrayData, dataArray);//5.1 向Data中增加userTypecJSON_AddNumberToObject(dataArray, "userType", 1);//5.2 向Data中添加credenceNocJSON_AddStringToObject(dataArray, "credenceNo", "12345678");//5.3 向Data中添加userNamecJSON_AddStringToObject(dataArray, "userName", "ZhangSan");//5.4 向Data中添加userIDcJSON_AddStringToObject(dataArray, "userID", "1234567890");//5.5 向Data中添加blackModecJSON_AddStringToObject(dataArray, "blackMode", "3");//5.6 向Data中添加数组timeSegmentListtimeArray = cJSON_CreateArray();cJSON_AddItemToObject(dataArray,"timeSegmentList", timeArray);//5.6.1 在数组timeArrayObj 中创建对象 weekObjweekObj = cJSON_CreateObject();cJSON_AddItemToArray(timeArray, weekObj);//5.6.1.1 在对象weekObj 中添加数组 weekArrayweekArray = cJSON_CreateArray();cJSON_AddItemToObject(weekObj,"week1Segs", weekArray);//5.6.1.1.1 在weekArrayObj中添加时间段 week1Str1for (i=0; i<4; i++){oneItem = cJSON_CreateString(week1Str1[i]);cJSON_AddItemToArray(weekArray, oneItem);}//5.6.1.2 在对象weekObj 中添加数组 weekArrayweekArray = cJSON_CreateArray();cJSON_AddItemToObject(weekObj,"week2Segs", weekArray);//5.6.1.2.1 在weekArrayObj中添加时间段 week2Str1for (i=0; i<4; i++){oneItem = cJSON_CreateString(week2Str1[i]);cJSON_AddItemToArray(weekArray, oneItem);}//5.6.2 在timeArrayObj 中新建一个对象 weekObjweekObj = cJSON_CreateObject();cJSON_AddItemToArray(timeArray, weekObj);//5.6.2.1 在对象weekObj 中添加数组 weekArrayweekArray = cJSON_CreateArray();cJSON_AddItemToObject(weekObj,"week1Segs", weekArray);//5.6.2.1.1 在weekArrayObj中添加时间段 week1Str2for (i=0; i<4; i++){oneItem = cJSON_CreateString(week1Str2[i]);cJSON_AddItemToArray(weekArray, oneItem);}//5.6.2.2 在对象weekObj 中添加数组 weekArrayweekArray = cJSON_CreateArray();cJSON_AddItemToObject(weekObj,"week2Segs", weekArray);//5.6.2.2.1 在weekArrayObj中添加时间段 week2Str2for (i=0; i<4; i++){oneItem = cJSON_CreateString(week2Str2[i]);cJSON_AddItemToArray(weekArray, oneItem);}printf("%s\n\n", cJSON_Print(root));//释放json结构所占用的内存cJSON_Delete(root);return 0;
}
int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{//test_json();jsson_encode();return -1;
}
7.2 运行结果
chenliang@test:~/test/json$ ./test_json
{"subDeviceID": "12345678901234567890","certMode": 2,"Data": [{"userType": 1,"credenceNo": "12345678","userName": "ZhangSan","userID": "1234567890","blackMode": "3","timeSegmentList": [{"week1Segs": ["0800", "0900", "1200", "1500"],"week2Segs": ["0810", "0910", "1210", "1510"]}, {"week1Segs": ["0820", "0920", "1220", "1520"],"week2Segs": ["0830", "0930", "1230", "1530"]}]}]
}
7.3 注意事项
json编码以及解码,必须要知道花括号{ }、中括号[ ]、冒号:的含义才可以很方便的进行编解码!
8. 另外以下这位博主写的很详细,详见如下链接
https://www.cnblogs.com/chineseboy/p/3959852.html