activated deactivated

activated 和 deactivated 是路由组件所独有的两个钩子，用于捕获路由组件的激活状态
具体使用

1. activated路由组件被激活时触发
2. deactivated 路由组件失活时触发
   
   src/pages/News.vue

<template><ul><li :style="{opacity}">欢迎学习Vue</li><li>news001 <input type="text"></li><li>news002 <input type="text"></li><li>news003 <input type="text"></li></ul>
</template><script>export default {name:'News',data() {return {opacity:1}},activated() {console.log('News组件被激活了')this.timer = setInterval(() => {console.log('@')this.opacity -= 0.01if(this.opacity <= 0) this.opacity = 1},16)},deactivated() {console.log('News组件失活了')clearInterval(this.timer)},}
</script>

路由守卫

作用：对路由进行权限控制
分类：全局守卫、独享守卫、组件内守卫

1.全局守卫

meta路由源信息

//全局前置路由守卫————初始化的时候被调用、每次路由切换之前被调用
router.beforeEach((to,from,next)=>{console.log('前置路由守卫',to,from)if(to.meta.isAuth){ //判断是否需要鉴权if(localStorage.getItem('school')==='atguigu'){next()}else{alert('学校名不对，无权限查看！')}}else{next()}
})//全局后置路由守卫————初始化的时候被调用、每次路由切换之后被调用
router.afterEach((to,from)=>{console.log('后置路由守卫',to,from)document.title = to.meta.title || '硅谷系统'
})

2.独享守卫

					beforeEnter: (to, from, next) => {console.log('独享路由守卫',to,from)if(to.meta.isAuth){ //判断是否需要鉴权if(localStorage.getItem('school')==='atguigu'){next()}else{alert('学校名不对，无权限查看！')}}else{next()}}

3.组件内守卫

		//通过路由规则，进入该组件时被调用beforeRouteEnter (to, from, next) {...next()},//通过路由规则，离开该组件时被调用beforeRouteLeave (to, from, next) {...next()}

全局路由守卫

src/router/index.js

// 该文件专门用于创建整个应用的路由器
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
//引入组件
import About from '../pages/About'
import Home from '../pages/Home'
import News from '../pages/News'
import Message from '../pages/Message'
import Detail from '../pages/Detail'//创建并暴露一个路由器
const router =  new VueRouter({routes:[{name:'guanyu',path:'/about',component:About,meta:{title:'关于'}},{name:'zhuye',path:'/home',component:Home,meta:{title:'主页'},children:[{name:'xinwen',path:'news',component:News,meta:{isAuth:true,title:'新闻'}},{name:'xiaoxi',path:'message',component:Message,meta:{isAuth:true,title:'消息'},children:[{name:'xiangqing',path:'detail',component:Detail,meta:{isAuth:true,title:'详情'},props($route){return {id:$route.query.id,title:$route.query.title,a:1,b:'hello'}}}]}]}]
})//全局前置路由守卫————初始化的时候被调用、每次路由切换之前被调用
router.beforeEach((to,from,next)=>{console.log('前置路由守卫',to,from)if(to.meta.isAuth){ //判断是否需要鉴权if(localStorage.getItem('school')==='atguigu'){next()}else{alert('学校名不对，无权限查看！')}}else{next()}
})//全局后置路由守卫————初始化的时候被调用、每次路由切换之后被调用
router.afterEach((to,from)=>{console.log('后置路由守卫',to,from)document.title = to.meta.title || '硅谷系统'
})export default router

独享路由守卫：

// 该文件专门用于创建整个应用的路由器
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
//引入组件
import About from '../pages/About'
import Home from '../pages/Home'
import News from '../pages/News'
import Message from '../pages/Message'
import Detail from '../pages/Detail'//创建并暴露一个路由器
const router =  new VueRouter({routes:[{name:'guanyu',path:'/about',component:About,meta:{title:'关于'}},{name:'zhuye',path:'/home',component:Home,meta:{title:'主页'},children:[{name:'xinwen',path:'news',component:News,meta:{isAuth:true,title:'新闻'},beforeEnter: (to, from, next) => {console.log('独享路由守卫',to,from)if(to.meta.isAuth){ //判断是否需要鉴权if(localStorage.getItem('school')==='atguigu'){next()}else{alert('学校名不对，无权限查看！')}}else{next()}}},{name:'xiaoxi',path:'message',component:Message,meta:{isAuth:true,title:'消息'},children:[{name:'xiangqing',path:'detail',component:Detail,meta:{isAuth:true,title:'详情'},props($route){return {id:$route.query.id,title:$route.query.title,a:1,b:'hello'}}}]}]}]
})//全局后置路由守卫————初始化的时候被调用、每次路由切换之后被调用
router.afterEach((to,from)=>{console.log('后置路由守卫',to,from)document.title = to.meta.title || '硅谷系统'
})export default router

组件内路由守卫
src/pages/About.vue

<template><h2>我是About的内容</h2>
</template><script>export default {name:'About',mounted() {// console.log('%%%',this.$route)},//通过路由规则，进入该组件时被调用beforeRouteEnter (to, from, next) {console.log('About--beforeRouteEnter',to,from)if(to.meta.isAuth){ //判断是否需要鉴权if(localStorage.getItem('school')==='atguigu'){next()}else{alert('学校名不对，无权限查看！')}}else{next()}},//通过路由规则，离开该组件时被调用beforeRouteLeave (to, from, next) {console.log('About--beforeRouteLeave',to,from)next()}}
</script>

路由器的两种工作模式

1. 对于一个url来说，什么是hash值？
   #及其后面的内容就是hash值
2. hash值不会包含在HTTP请求中，即：hash值不会带给服务器
3. hash模式
   a.地址中永远带着#，不美观
   b.若以后姜地址通过第三方手机app分享，若app校验严格，则地址会被标记为不合法
   c.兼容性较好
4. history 模式
   a.地址干净，美观
   b.兼容性和hash模式相比稍差
   c.应该部署上线时需要后端人员支持，解决刷新页面服务端404的问题

//创建并暴露一个路由器
const router =  new VueRouter({mode:'history',routes:[...]		
})export default router