一、图像处理需要的知识

1.图像处理基础（rgb(hsv),gray）
2.图像灰度变换(scale_img)
3.图像基础(emphasize)
4.图像几何变换(仿射变换,极坐标变换)
5.图像分割(blob分析、边缘检测、reduce_domain)
6.图像的频域（fft_img）
7.图像形态学
8.图像复原
9.运动图像
10.图像配准（模板匹配）

二、图像处理的预处理和分割过程

二、颜色识别的方法

颜色识别的方法
1.RGB->HSV （缺点：受光照影响严重）
重点分析H分量和S分量
2.分类器识别颜色

三、例子一

打开颜色识别的例子

通过对RGB转成HSV，然后因为要选出黄色，从而去限制色度和饱和度的范围，因此可以用thresh去限制饱和度和色度的范围。最后通过blob分析，获得指定颜色的物体。
完整代码

* color_simple.hdev: segment yellow cable in HSV color space
dev_close_window ()
dev_open_window (0, 0, 640, 480, 'black', WindowHandle)
for i := 1 to 2 by 1* 读取图片read_image (Image, 'cable' + i)* 将RGB图根据通道拆分成三张图decompose3 (Image, Red, Green, Blue)* 将RGB转为HSVtrans_from_rgb (Red, Green, Blue, Hue, Saturation, Intensity, 'hsv')* 对饱和度阈值处理（限制饱和度范围）threshold (Saturation, HighSaturation, 100, 255)reduce_domain (Hue, HighSaturation, HueHighSaturation)* 对色度阈值处理（限制色度范围）threshold (HueHighSaturation, Yellow, 20, 50)* 计算连通域connection (Yellow, ConnectedRegions)* 选择形状（特征）select_shape_std (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, 'max_area', 0)* 开操作closing_circle (SelectedRegions, Yellow, 3.5)* 获得目标reduce_domain (Image, Yellow, ImageReduced)dev_display (HueHighSaturation)dev_display (ImageReduced)stop ()
endfor

四、例子二

这个例子，和例子一 同样的方式，只不过这个对 好几个颜色物体进行了检测，并且输出message
完整代码

* color_fuses.hdev: classify fuses by color
dev_update_window ('off')
* ****
* step: set up fuse properties and hue ranges
* ****
FuseColors := ['Orange','Red','Blue','Yellow','Green']
FuseTypes := [5,10,15,20,30]
* HueRanges: Orange 10-30, Red 0-10...
HueRanges := [10,30,0,10,125,162,30,64,96,128]
Count := 0
dev_close_window ()
dev_open_window (0, 0, 800, 600, 'black', WH)
while (Count <= 4)* ***** step: acquire image* ****read_image (Image, 'color/color_fuses_0' + Count)dev_display (Image)set_tposition (WH, 12, 512)write_string (WH, 'color/color_fuses0' + Count + '.png')* ***** step: extract saturated hues* ****decompose3 (Image, Red, Green, Blue)trans_from_rgb (Red, Green, Blue, Hue, Saturation, Intensity, 'hsv')threshold (Saturation, Saturated, 60, 255)reduce_domain (Hue, Saturated, HueSaturated)for Fuse := 0 to |FuseTypes| - 1 by 1* ***** step: classify specific fuse* ****threshold (HueSaturated, CurrentFuse, HueRanges[Fuse * 2], HueRanges[Fuse * 2 + 1])connection (CurrentFuse, CurrentFuseConn)fill_up (CurrentFuseConn, CurrentFuseFill)select_shape (CurrentFuseFill, CurrentFuseSel, 'area', 'and', 6000, 20000)area_center (CurrentFuseSel, FuseArea, Row1, Column1)dev_set_color ('magenta')for i := 0 to |FuseArea| - 1 by 1set_tposition (WH, Row1[i], Column1[i])write_string (WH, FuseColors[Fuse] + ' ' + FuseTypes[Fuse] + ' Ampere')endforset_tposition (WH, 24 * (Fuse + 1), 12)dev_set_color ('slate blue')write_string (WH, FuseColors[Fuse] + ' Fuses: ' + |FuseArea|)endforstop ()Count := Count + 1
endwhile
dev_update_window ('on')

五、例子三

比如要检测橙色的糖豆

检测的结果

完整代码

dev_close_window ()
read_image (Image, 'C:/Users/xuheding/Desktop/图片/5.png')
dev_open_window_fit_image (Image, 0, 0, -1, -1, WindowHandle)
dev_display (Image)
decompose3 (Image, Red, Green, Blue)
trans_from_rgb (Red, Green, Blue, Hue, Saturation, intensity, 'hsv')threshold (Hue, Regions, 4, 31)
connection (Regions, ConnectedRegions)
select_shape (ConnectedRegions, SelectedRegions, 'area', 'and', 9486.24, 12568.8)
opening_circle (SelectedRegions, RegionOpening, 3.5)dev_set_draw ('margin')
dev_set_line_width (3)
dev_set_color ('magenta')
dev_display (Image)
dev_display(RegionOpening)