手机验证码不能自己生成,需要由第三方来完成发送。本文选择网易云作为第三方来发送验证码。
首先,我们要注册网易云账号,完成登陆。选择“产品与服务”选项中的“通信与视频”,点击创建应用,完成后,下方有许多功能,我们选择“短信”选项,点击申请试用。完成后,上方的功能管理就会出现短信一栏。如图:
然后点击模板管理,出现三类模板,如图:
点击验证码模板,我们会发现已经有一个默认的模板,因为该模板为语言提示,不是手机短信提示,所以我们需要再创建一个新的模板,如图:
创建完成后,可能需要审核一段时间,完成后如图:
复制审核通过的模板ID,将ID写入下面的代码中。
public class CaptchaMsgTest {private static String mobile = "";//mobile 是接受短信的手机号/*** 短信内容:您的验证码为%s,10分钟内有效。* * */@SuppressWarnings("resource")public static void main(String[] args) {if(SMSUtils.isMobile(mobile)){try {SMSUtils.sendCode(mobile,"3953586");//mobile 是接受短信的手机号,"3953586" 是模板ID} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}System.out.print("请输入您收到的短信验证码:");String code = new Scanner(System.in).next();try {if(SMSUtils.verifyCode(mobile, code)){//校验验证码System.out.println("验证码正确...");}else{System.out.println("验证码错误...");}} catch (IOException e) {e.printStackTrace();}}
}
下面是工具类代码:
public class SMSUtils {private static final String NONCE = "123456";private static final String APP_SECRET = "79660bb740bc";private static final String APP_KEY = "b331b7254d0726ebac9afa98502a9507";/*** 检测手机号有效性* * @param mobile 手机号码* @return 是否有效*/public static final boolean isMobile(String mobile){Pattern pattern = Pattern.compile("^((1[3578][0-9])|(14[57]))\\d{8}$");Matcher matcher = pattern.matcher(mobile);return matcher.matches();}/*** * @param mobile 手机号码* @param templateId 验证码模板ID* @return 是否发送成功*/public static final boolean sendCode(String mobile, String templateId) throws IOException {HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("https://api.netease.im/sms/sendcode.action");String currentTime = String.valueOf(new Date().getTime()/1000L);String checkSum = CheckSumBuilder.getCheckSum(APP_SECRET,NONCE,currentTime);//set headerhttpPost.setHeader("AppKey",APP_KEY);httpPost.setHeader("CurTime",currentTime);httpPost.setHeader("Nonce",NONCE);httpPost.setHeader("CheckSum",checkSum);httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8");//set dataList<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("mobile",mobile));nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("templateid", templateId));httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList,"utf-8"));//start requestCloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();HttpResponse httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPost);String responseResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(),"utf-8");System.out.println("responseResult:"+responseResult);String stateCode = JSON.parseObject(responseResult).getString("code");if(stateCode.equals("200")){return true;}return false;}/*** 判断用户输入验证码与网易云生成的验证码是否一致* * @param mobile 电话号码* @param code 发送到mobile上的短信*/public static final boolean verifyCode(String mobile, String code) throws IOException {HttpPost httpPost = new HttpPost("https://api.netease.im/sms/verifycode.action");String currentTime = String.valueOf(new Date().getTime()/1000L);String checkSum = CheckSumBuilder.getCheckSum(APP_SECRET,NONCE,currentTime);//set headerhttpPost.setHeader("AppKey",APP_KEY);httpPost.setHeader("CurTime",currentTime);httpPost.setHeader("Nonce",NONCE);httpPost.setHeader("CheckSum",checkSum);httpPost.setHeader("Content-Type","application/x-www-form-urlencoded;charset=utf-8");//set dataList<NameValuePair> nameValuePairList = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("code",code));nameValuePairList.add(new BasicNameValuePair("mobile",mobile));httpPost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairList,"utf-8"));//start requestCloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();HttpResponse httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpPost);String responseResult = EntityUtils.toString(httpResponse.getEntity(),"utf-8");System.out.println("responseResult:"+responseResult);String stateCode = JSON.parseObject(responseResult).getString("code");if(stateCode.equals("200")){return true;}return false;}
}
上面代码中的字符串类型变量APP_SECRET和APP_KEY并不是任意的,这就需要网易云账号里找到它们的值。
点击网易云账号里的应用手机验证码,如图:
点击App Key管理,找到App Key,如图:
这两个字符串就是APP_SECRET和APP_KEY的值。
下面是另一个工具类代码:
public class CheckSumBuilder {private static final char[] HEX_DIGITS = {'0','1','2','3','4','5','6','7','8','9','a','b','c','d','e','f'};public static String getCheckSum(String appSecret, String nonce, String curTime){return encode("SHA",appSecret+nonce+curTime);}private static String encode(String algorithm, String value){if(value == null){return null;}try {MessageDigest messageDigest = MessageDigest.getInstance(algorithm);messageDigest.update(value.getBytes());return getFormattedText(messageDigest.digest());}catch (Exception e){throw new RuntimeException(e);}}private static String getFormattedText(byte[] bytes){int length = bytes.length;StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder(length*2);for(int i=0;i<length;i++){stringBuilder.append(HEX_DIGITS[(bytes[i]>>4)&0x0f]);stringBuilder.append(HEX_DIGITS[(bytes[i]&0x0f)]);}return stringBuilder.toString();}
}
运行第一段代码就可以向手机发送验证码了。