如下代码,因为代码从上到下执行,btn节点还未创建好就去获取会报错
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><title>Document</title><style></style><script>console.log(btn) //报错, Uncaught ReferenceError: btn is not defined</script></head><body><button id="btn">点我</button></body>
</html>
解决方式:利用onload事件
onload 事件会在页面或图像加载完成后立即发生。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><title>Document</title><script>window.onload = function () {//页面所有的资源加载完后执行console.log('btn加载完成后打印', btn) //btn加载完成后打印 <button id="btn">点我</button>}</script></head><body><button id="btn">点我</button></body>
</html>
onload 通常用于 <body> 元素,在页面完全载入后(包括图片、css文件等等。)执行脚本代码。
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en"><head><meta charset="UTF-8" /><meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge" /><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0" /><title>Document</title><style>body {height: 3000px;}</style><script>//onload 通常用于 <body> 元素function funct() {console.log('onload事件触发了')}</script></head><body onload="funct()"></body>
</html>