之前也看到网上有关于验证码的项目,但是自己试了几个不太行,没有较完整的项目,于是东拼西凑加上自己又稍微添加了一点功能。
现在这个项目可以实现的功能:
基于图片验证码登录,验证码输入正确可以跳转到成功页面,输入错误就会重新刷新页面,当然这点放到实际的项目中是很不友好的,(因为用户输入账号密码以后,输错验证码就得重新输入,本实例验证码是拿到后端来判断 的,但是在实际的项目中我觉得在前端的页面判断更好一点) ,点击图片 或者 看不清换一张可以重新刷新验证码,基本的验证码功能都有了 ,运行起来看图
拿到一般的课程设计,毕设中是没有问题的,加上自己的 登录验证密码框就可以实现一个登录界面了。
碰到的 页面 404 错误,这一篇文章解释 的很好,可以借鉴
码云 地址:https://gitee.com/li-childrens-shoes/shape/tree/master
对了 在git的过程中也犯了许多错误,重新复习一下git 命令
git init # 初始化项目,在本地去创建git仓库(创建本地仓库,才代表git可以管理代码)
git add -A # 将当前目录下所有的文件添加到缓存区
git commit -A -m "first commit" # 提交缓存区里面的内容到本地仓库
git remote add origin 复制gitee的https #添加一个远程仓库的地址
git push origin master # 提交本地仓库到远程仓库
git push时报"error: src refspec master does not match any."的解决方案
项目结构:
接下来是代码
实体类
package com.pojo;
import lombok.Data;/*** 验证码类*/
@Data
public class VerifyCode {private String code;private byte[] imgBytes;private long expireTime;}
业务层
接口
package com.service;import com.pojo.VerifyCode;import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;/*** 验证码生成接口*/
public interface IVerifyCodeGen {/*** 生成验证码并返回code,将图片写的os中** @param width* @param height* @param os* @return* @throws IOException*/String generate(int width, int height, OutputStream os) throws IOException;/*** 生成验证码对象** @param width* @param height* @return* @throws IOException*/VerifyCode generate(int width, int height) throws IOException;
}
实现类
package com.service.impl;import com.pojo.VerifyCode;
import com.service.IVerifyCodeGen;
import com.util.RandomUtils;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import javax.imageio.ImageIO;
import java.awt.*;
import java.awt.image.BufferedImage;
import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.OutputStream;
import java.util.Random;/*** 验证码实现类*/
@Service
public class SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl implements IVerifyCodeGen {private static final Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl.class);private static final String[] FONT_TYPES = { "\u5b8b\u4f53", "\u65b0\u5b8b\u4f53", "\u9ed1\u4f53", "\u6977\u4f53", "\u96b6\u4e66" };private static final int VALICATE_CODE_LENGTH = 4;/*** 设置背景颜色及大小,干扰线** @param graphics* @param width* @param height*/private static void fillBackground(Graphics graphics, int width, int height) {// 填充背景graphics.setColor(Color.WHITE);//设置矩形坐标x y 为0graphics.fillRect(0, 0, width, height);// 加入干扰线条for (int i = 0; i < 8; i++) {//设置随机颜色算法参数graphics.setColor(RandomUtils.randomColor(40, 150));Random random = new Random();int x = random.nextInt(width);int y = random.nextInt(height);int x1 = random.nextInt(width);int y1 = random.nextInt(height);graphics.drawLine(x, y, x1, y1);}}/*** 生成随机字符** @param width* @param height* @param os* @return* @throws IOException*/@Overridepublic String generate(int width, int height, OutputStream os) throws IOException {BufferedImage image = new BufferedImage(width, height, BufferedImage.TYPE_INT_RGB);Graphics graphics = image.getGraphics();fillBackground(graphics, width, height);String randomStr = RandomUtils.randomString(VALICATE_CODE_LENGTH);createCharacter(graphics, randomStr);graphics.dispose();//设置JPEG格式ImageIO.write(image, "JPEG", os);return randomStr;}/*** 验证码生成** @param width* @param height* @return*/@Overridepublic VerifyCode generate(int width, int height) {VerifyCode verifyCode = null;try {//将流的初始化放到这里就不需要手动关闭流ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();String code = generate(width, height, baos);verifyCode = new VerifyCode();verifyCode.setCode(code);verifyCode.setImgBytes(baos.toByteArray());} catch (IOException e) {logger.error(e.getMessage(), e);verifyCode = null;}return verifyCode;}/*** 设置字符颜色大小** @param g* @param randomStr*/private void createCharacter(Graphics g, String randomStr) {char[] charArray = randomStr.toCharArray();for (int i = 0; i < charArray.length; i++) {//设置RGB颜色算法参数g.setColor(new Color(50 + RandomUtils.nextInt(100),50 + RandomUtils.nextInt(100), 50 + RandomUtils.nextInt(100)));//设置字体大小,类型g.setFont(new Font(FONT_TYPES[RandomUtils.nextInt(FONT_TYPES.length)], Font.BOLD, 26));//设置x y 坐标g.drawString(String.valueOf(charArray[i]), 15 * i + 5, 19 + RandomUtils.nextInt(8));}}
}
控制层
package com.Cnotroller;import com.pojo.VerifyCode;
import com.service.IVerifyCodeGen;
import com.service.impl.SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl;
import io.swagger.annotations.ApiOperation;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;
import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;
import java.io.IOException;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;@Controller
public class verifyCode{private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(verifyCode.class);String code;@ApiOperation(value = "验证码")@GetMapping("/verifyCode")public void verifyCode(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) {IVerifyCodeGen iVerifyCodeGen = new SimpleCharVerifyCodeGenImpl();try {//设置长宽VerifyCode verifyCode = iVerifyCodeGen.generate(80, 28);code = verifyCode.getCode();LOGGER.info(code);//将VerifyCode绑定sessionrequest.getSession().setAttribute("VerifyCode", code);//设置响应头response.setHeader("Pragma", "no-cache");//设置响应头response.setHeader("Cache-Control", "no-cache");//在代理服务器端防止缓冲response.setDateHeader("Expires", 0);//设置响应内容类型response.setContentType("image/jpeg");response.getOutputStream().write(verifyCode.getImgBytes());response.getOutputStream().flush();}catch (IOException e) {LOGGER.info("", e);}}@RequestMapping(value ="/login")public String Login ( String CODE) {if (CODE.equals(code))return "success";//如果验证码填写错误就刷新页面return "redirect:/";}}
工具类
package com.util;import java.awt.*;
import java.util.Random;public class RandomUtils extends org.apache.commons.lang3.RandomUtils {private static final char[] CODE_SEQ = { 'A', 'B', 'C', 'D', 'E', 'F', 'G', 'H', 'J','K', 'L', 'M', 'N', 'P', 'Q', 'R', 'S', 'T', 'U', 'V', 'W','X', 'Y', 'Z', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };private static final char[] NUMBER_ARRAY = { '0', '1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7', '8', '9' };private static Random random = new Random();public static String randomString(int length) {StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {sb.append(String.valueOf(CODE_SEQ[random.nextInt(CODE_SEQ.length)]));}return sb.toString();}public static String randomNumberString(int length) {StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();for (int i = 0; i < length; i++) {sb.append(String.valueOf(NUMBER_ARRAY[random.nextInt(NUMBER_ARRAY.length)]));}return sb.toString();}public static Color randomColor(int fc, int bc) {int f = fc;int b = bc;Random random = new Random();if (f > 255) {f = 255;}if (b > 255) {b = 255;}return new Color(f + random.nextInt(b - f), f + random.nextInt(b - f), f + random.nextInt(b - f));}public static int nextInt(int bound) {return random.nextInt(bound);}
}
启动类
package com;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;@SpringBootApplication
public class ShapeApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(ShapeApplication.class, args);}
}
资源配置类:
index页面:
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head><meta charset="UTF-8"><title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/login" method="post">
<div><input name="CODE" id="code" placeholder="验证码" type="text" class=""style="width:170px"><!-- 验证码 显示 --><!--这里改变验证码的方式有两种,一种是点击图片,另一种是点击后面的 超链接,看不清换一张--><img onclick="javascript:getvCode()" id="verifyimg" style="margin-left: 20px;"/><a href="#" onclick="getvCode()">看不清换一张</a>
</div><input type="submit" value="提交"></input>
</form>
<script type="text/javascript">getvCode();/*** 获取验证码* 将验证码写到index.html页面的id = verifyimg 的地方*/function getvCode() {document.getElementById("verifyimg").src = timestamp("http://127.0.0.1:81/verifyCode");}//为url添加时间戳function timestamp(url) {var getTimestamp = new Date().getTime();if (url.indexOf("?") > -1) {url = url + "×tamp=" + getTimestamp} else {url = url + "?timestamp=" + getTimestamp}return url;};</script>
</body>
</html>
<!--<script type="text/javascript">/** 弹出重新输入验证啊函数* */reWrite();function reWrite(){alert("验证码有误,请重新输入");}
</script>-->
success页面就是随便写一个登录成功就行
配置文件:
server:port: 81
spring:thymeleaf:prefix: classpath:/templates/suffix: .htmlmode: HTML5encoding: UTF-8cache: falseservlet:content-type: text/html
logging:level:com:example:mapper : debug
最后是pom 依赖 要记得坐标换成自己的
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>org.example</groupId><artifactId>shape</artifactId><version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.2.0.RELEASE</version></parent><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version></properties><build><resources><resource><directory>src/main/java</directory><includes><include>**/*.xml</include></includes></resource></resources></build><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId><artifactId>lombok</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.commons</groupId><artifactId>commons-lang3</artifactId><version>3.10</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>io.swagger</groupId><artifactId>swagger-annotations</artifactId><version>1.5.22</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-thymeleaf</artifactId></dependency></dependencies>
</project>