A-LOAM安装与配置

GitHub

https://github.com/HKUST-Aerial-Robotics/A-LOAM

依赖项

需要安装Ceres Slover和PCL
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PCL之前已经安装过，因此只需要安装Ceres Solver

编译安装Ceres Slover报错

官方的安装指南

http://ceres-solver.org/installation.html

一开始是git下来的最新版本的Ceres Solver，即2.1版本，编译时报错

/usr/local/include/eigen3/Eigen/src/Core/util/XprHelper.h:78:8: error: no type named ‘Literal’ in ‘struct Eigen::NumTraits<ceres::Jet<double, 9> >’

网上搜索说是Ceres Solver版本与Eigen版本不兼容

查看Eigen版本，发现是3.3.9版本

pkg-config --modversion eigen3

官方要求Eigen 3.3及以上，照理来说应该是没问题的
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于是更换Ceres Slover的版本，用的高翔博士视觉SLAM十四讲3rd_party下的Ceres Slover

用下述命令卸载原来安装的Ceres Slover

sudo rm /usr/local/lib/libceres*
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/ceres
sudo rm -rf /usr/include/ceres
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/cmake/Ceres
sudo rm -rf /var/lib/dpkg/info/libceres*
sudo rm -rf /usr/share/doc/libceres*

卸载Eigen 3.3.9，安装Eigen 3.2.9，用下述命令卸载

sudo rm -rf /usr/include/eigen3
sudo rm -rf /usr/lib/cmake/eigen3
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/include/eigen3
sudo rm -rf /usr/share/doc/libeigen3-dev 
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/share/pkgconfig/eigen3.pc /usr/share/pkgconfig/eigen3.pc /var/lib/dpkg/info/libeigen3-dev.list /var/lib/dpkg/info/libeigen3-dev.md5sums
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/lib/pkgconfig/eigen3.pc
sudo rm -rf /usr/local/share/eigen3

catkin_make aloam_velodyne报错

更换完版本后Ceres Slover可以正常编译，但是执行catkin_make命令时又会报错

find_package Error reading CMake code from "/usr/local/lib/cmake/Ceres/CeresConfig.cmake"

查询资料说是没有有效安装，并且当前Ceres Slover的版本号也不清楚，于是我又在网上搜索其它较稳定版本的Ceres Slover，选择1.14.0版本，下面是下载链接

https://ceres-solver.googlesource.com/ceres-solver/+/refs/tags/1.14.0/

此时并未更换Eigen版本

更换Ceres Slover后再次catkin_make，报了新错误

Failed to find Ceres - Missing required Ceres dependency: Eigen version 3.2.9, please set EIGEN_INCLUDE_DIR

这个报错来自CeresConfig.cmake文件，查看这个文件后发现错误输出来自下面的程序段

# Eigen.
# Flag set during configuration and build of Ceres.
set(CERES_EIGEN_VERSION 3.2.9)
set(Eigen_INCLUDE_DIRS "/usr/include/eigen3")
set(EIGEN_WAS_BUILT_WITH_CMAKE TRUE)
# Append the locations of Eigen when Ceres was built to the search path hints.
if (EIGEN_WAS_BUILT_WITH_CMAKE)set(Eigen3_DIR "/usr/include/eigen3")set(EIGEN_PREFER_EXPORTED_EIGEN_CMAKE_CONFIGURATION TRUE)
else()list(APPEND EIGEN_INCLUDE_DIR_HINTS )
endif()
# Search quietly to control the timing of the error message if not found. The
# search should be for an exact match, but for usability reasons do a soft
# match and reject with an explanation below.
find_package(Eigen ${CERES_EIGEN_VERSION} QUIET)
if (EIGEN_FOUND)if (NOT EIGEN_VERSION VERSION_EQUAL CERES_EIGEN_VERSION)# CMake's VERSION check in FIND_PACKAGE() will accept any version >= the# specified version. However, only version = is supported. Improve# usability by explaining why we don't accept non-exact version matching.ceres_report_not_found("Found Eigen dependency, but the version of Eigen ""found (${EIGEN_VERSION}) does not exactly match the version of Eigen ""Ceres was compiled with (${CERES_EIGEN_VERSION}). This can cause subtle ""bugs by triggering violations of the One Definition Rule. See the ""Wikipedia article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Definition_Rule ""for more details")endif ()message(STATUS "Found required Ceres dependency: ""Eigen version ${CERES_EIGEN_VERSION} in ${EIGEN_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
else (EIGEN_FOUND)ceres_report_not_found("Missing required Ceres ""dependency: Eigen version ${CERES_EIGEN_VERSION}, please set ""EIGEN_INCLUDE_DIR.")
endif (EIGEN_FOUND)
list(APPEND CERES_INCLUDE_DIRS ${EIGEN_INCLUDE_DIRS})

还是Eigen的问题，上述文件已经做了部分修改，有下面几处，感兴趣可以对比原文件看下

set(CERES_EIGEN_VERSION 3.2.9)
set(Eigen_INCLUDE_DIRS "/usr/include/eigen3")
set(EIGEN_WAS_BUILT_WITH_CMAKE TRUE)set(Eigen3_DIR "/usr/include/eigen3")

这个报错的意思是没有找到Eigen的依赖，有两种解决思路

方法一

极其简单粗暴，这一段代码的最终目的是确定EIGEN_INCLUDE_DIRS，那么直接set这个变量值应该就可行，更改如下：

# Eigen.
# Flag set during configuration and build of Ceres.
set(CERES_EIGEN_VERSION 3.2.9)
set(Eigen_INCLUDE_DIRS "/usr/include/eigen3")
# set(EIGEN_WAS_BUILT_WITH_CMAKE TRUE)
# # Append the locations of Eigen when Ceres was built to the search path hints.
# if (EIGEN_WAS_BUILT_WITH_CMAKE)
#   set(Eigen3_DIR "/usr/include/eigen3")
#   set(EIGEN_PREFER_EXPORTED_EIGEN_CMAKE_CONFIGURATION TRUE)
# else()
#   list(APPEND EIGEN_INCLUDE_DIR_HINTS )
# endif()
# # Search quietly to control the timing of the error message if not found. The
# # search should be for an exact match, but for usability reasons do a soft
# # match and reject with an explanation below.
# find_package(Eigen ${CERES_EIGEN_VERSION} QUIET)
# if (EIGEN_FOUND)
#   if (NOT EIGEN_VERSION VERSION_EQUAL CERES_EIGEN_VERSION)
#     # CMake's VERSION check in FIND_PACKAGE() will accept any version >= the
#     # specified version. However, only version = is supported. Improve
#     # usability by explaining why we don't accept non-exact version matching.
#     ceres_report_not_found("Found Eigen dependency, but the version of Eigen "
#       "found (${EIGEN_VERSION}) does not exactly match the version of Eigen "
#       "Ceres was compiled with (${CERES_EIGEN_VERSION}). This can cause subtle "
#       "bugs by triggering violations of the One Definition Rule. See the "
#       "Wikipedia article http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/One_Definition_Rule "
#       "for more details")
#   endif ()
#   message(STATUS "Found required Ceres dependency: "
#     "Eigen version ${CERES_EIGEN_VERSION} in ${EIGEN_INCLUDE_DIRS}")
# else (EIGEN_FOUND)
#   ceres_report_not_found("Missing required Ceres "
#     "dependency: Eigen version ${CERES_EIGEN_VERSION}, please set "
#     "EIGEN_INCLUDE_DIR.")
# endif (EIGEN_FOUND)
list(APPEND CERES_INCLUDE_DIRS ${EIGEN_INCLUDE_DIRS})

再次catkin_make aloam_velodyne，编译成功

方法二

上述方法过于笨拙，不够优雅，并且没有发现问题的本质

查找资料发现如果要通过find_package(Eigen XXX)找到Eigen库，则应在/usr/lib/cmake和/usr/local/lib/cmake存在eigen3的cmake文件，然而我的笔记本上并没有（可能由于多次重装Eigen导致），所以这才是上述错误的真正原因

虚拟机上有eigen3的cmake文件，找了一个用到Eigen的文件，更改其CMakeLists.txt

cmake_minimum_required(VERSION 2.8)
project(useEigen)set(CMAKE_BUILD_TYPE "Release")
set(CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "-O3")# 添加Eigen头文件
# include_directories("/usr/include/eigen3")
find_package(Eigen3 REQUIRED)
include_directories(${EIGEN3_INCLUDE_DIRS})add_executable(eigenMatrix eigenMatrix.cpp)

再次编译，报错

CMake Error at CMakeLists.txt:9 (find_package):By not providing "FindEigen3.cmake" in CMAKE_MODULE_PATH this project hasasked CMake to find a package configuration file provided by "Eigen3", butCMake did not find one.Could not find a package configuration file provided by "Eigen3" with anyof the following names:Eigen3Config.cmakeeigen3-config.cmakeAdd the installation prefix of "Eigen3" to CMAKE_PREFIX_PATH or set"Eigen3_DIR" to a directory containing one of the above files.  If "Eigen3"provides a separate development package or SDK, be sure it has beeninstalled.

将eigen3的cmake文件还原回去，则可顺利编译，验证之前的分析正确

因此将虚拟机中的eigen3的cmake文件复制到双系统中应该就可以解决问题，但是要注意版本问题，统一将cmake文件中出现版本号的地方更改为双系统中的Eigen版本，比如

# This file exports the Eigen3::Eigen CMake target which should be passed to the
# target_link_libraries command.####### Expanded from @PACKAGE_INIT@ by configure_package_config_file() #######
####### Any changes to this file will be overwritten by the next CMake run ####
####### The input file was Eigen3Config.cmake.in                            ########get_filename_component(PACKAGE_PREFIX_DIR "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/../../../" ABSOLUTE)# Use original install prefix when loaded through a "/usr move"
# cross-prefix symbolic link such as /lib -> /usr/lib.
get_filename_component(_realCurr "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}" REALPATH)
get_filename_component(_realOrig "/usr/lib/cmake/eigen3" REALPATH)
if(_realCurr STREQUAL _realOrig)set(PACKAGE_PREFIX_DIR "/usr")
endif()
unset(_realOrig)
unset(_realCurr)macro(set_and_check _var _file)set(${_var} "${_file}")if(NOT EXISTS "${_file}")message(FATAL_ERROR "File or directory ${_file} referenced by variable ${_var} does not exist !")endif()
endmacro()####################################################################################include ("${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/Eigen3Targets.cmake")# Legacy variables, do *not* use. May be removed in the future.set (EIGEN3_FOUND 1)
set (EIGEN3_USE_FILE    "${CMAKE_CURRENT_LIST_DIR}/UseEigen3.cmake")set (EIGEN3_DEFINITIONS  "")
set (EIGEN3_INCLUDE_DIR  "${PACKAGE_PREFIX_DIR}/include/eigen3")
set (EIGEN3_INCLUDE_DIRS "${PACKAGE_PREFIX_DIR}/include/eigen3")
set (EIGEN3_ROOT_DIR     "${PACKAGE_PREFIX_DIR}")set (EIGEN3_VERSION_STRING "3.3.4")
set (EIGEN3_VERSION_MAJOR  "3")
set (EIGEN3_VERSION_MINOR  "3")
set (EIGEN3_VERSION_PATCH  "4")

有3.3.4的地方都要改成3.2.9，再次catkin_make aloam_velodyne，编译成功，看到输出

-- Found installed version of Eigen: /usr/local/lib/eigen3
-- Found required Ceres dependency: Eigen version 3.2.9 in /usr/include/eigen3

测试运行

下载数据集，下面是网盘链接

链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1b_M-Vs-524TTGNOAxu1gQA
提取码：xkqd

roslaunch aloam_velodyne aloam_velodyne_VLP_16.launch
rosbag play YOUR_DATASET_FOLDER/nsh_indoor_outdoor.bag

实际效果如下图所示
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说明安装配置成功