闯关过程

关卡入口地址： http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/map.html

打开页面是这样的：

在图中的你内容，可以看到

• K->M
• O->Q
• E->G

#coding:utf-8import urllib2
import HTMLParser
import re
from string import maketrans,translate,lowercase
def level1():def get_html_Pages(url):try: headers = {'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 6.2; rv:16.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/16.0'}#构建请求的request  request=urllib2.Request(url,headers=headers)  #利用urlopen获取页面代码  response=urllib2.urlopen(request)  #将页面转化为UTF-8编码格式  html=response.read().decode('utf-8')html=HTMLParser.HTMLParser().unescape(html)#处理网页内容， 可以将一些html类型的符号如" 转换回双引号		return html  #捕捉异常，防止程序直接死掉  except urllib2.URLError,e:print u"连接失败，错误原因",e.reason  return None  except urllib2.HTTPError,e:    print u"连接失败，错误原因：%s " % e.code    return None #字符转换函数		def translate_string(trans_string):test_string='cdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyzab'test_string1='abcdefghijklmnopqrstuvwxyz'test_table={}#将一个list转换为字典的方法，字典格式为{list元素：list索引值}for i in test_string1:test_table[i]=test_string1.index(i)tmp_final_string=''for a in trans_string:if a in test_string1:tmp_final_string +=test_string[test_table[a]]else:tmp_final_string+=aprint u'翻译转换出来的语句是：'+tmp_final_stringreturn 	tmp_final_stringleve2_url='http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/map.html'html=get_html_Pages(leve2_url)#获取网页内容target_string_pattern=re.compile('<font color="#f000f0">(.*?)</tr>',re.S)#定义匹配字符串规则target_string=re.search(target_string_pattern,html).group(1).strip()#得到网页上的那一行字符串print u'网页上提示的字符串序列是：'+target_stringtranslate_string(target_string)#至此，内容已经翻译完毕，但是根据提示，需要对网址重新翻译next_level_translate_str=leve2_url.split('/')[-1].split('.')[0]print u'要被转换的网址内容是：'+next_level_translate_strnext_level_url=leve2_url.replace(next_level_translate_str,translate_string(next_level_translate_str))print u'下一关网址是：'+next_level_urllevel1()

网页上提示的字符串序列是：g fmnc wms bgblr rpylqjyrc gr zw fylb. rfyrq ufyr amknsrcpq ypc dmp. bmgle gr gl zw fylb gq glcddgagclr ylb rfyr'q ufw rfgq rcvr gq qm jmle. sqgle qrpgle.kyicrpylq() gq pcamkkclbcb. lmu ynnjw ml rfc spj.
翻译转换出来的语句是：i hope you didnt translate it by hand. thats what computers are for. doing it in by hand is inefficient and that's why this text is so long. using string.maketrans() is recommended. now apply on the url.
要被转换的网址内容是：map
翻译转换出来的语句是：ocr
下一关网址是：http://www.pythonchallenge.com/pc/def/ocr.html

函数maketrans()

string.maketrans() 其实是和string.translate()一起使用比较好

string.maketrans() 是定义翻译规则， string.translate()则是按照翻译规则对字符串进行翻译

从帮助文档里面查看maketrans()的用法

maketrans(...)maketrans(frm, to) -> stringReturn a translation table (a string of 256 bytes long)suitable for use in string.translate.  The strings frm and tomust be of the same length.

translate(s, table, deletions='')translate(s,table [,deletions]) -> stringReturn a copy of the string s, where all characters occurringin the optional argument deletions are removed, and theremaining characters have been mapped through the giventranslation table, which must be a string of length 256.  Thedeletions argument is not allowed for Unicode strings.

1. s 是要被翻译的字符串
2. table  是翻译规则
3. [deletion] 是可选参数， 如果它定义了， 就从参数s中先删除 [deletion]里面的内容，然后在做翻译

#coding:utf-8
import string    s = 'asked--deksa'    # 参数from和to的长度必须一致    
table = string.maketrans('', '')   #这样写就把所有的str，即ASCII码包含了
#print table
print s.translate(table)   # 输出 asked--deksa  table = string.maketrans('ae', '12')  #从新定义翻译规则，a->1, e->2
print s.translate(table)   # 输出 1sk2d--d2ks1  # 将先删除'sk'，然后再转换  
print s.translate(table, 'sk')    # 输出 12d--d21 

#coding:utf-8
from string import  maketrans,translate,lowercasetext="g fmnc wms bgblr rpylqjyrc gr zw fylb. rfyrq ufyr amknsrcpq ypc dmp. bmgle gr gl zw fylb gq glcddgagclr ylb rfyr'q ufw rfgq rcvr gq qm jmle. sqgle qrpgle.kyicrpylq() gq pcamkkclbcb. lmu ynnjw ml rfc spj."
print lowercase
target_str=""
table= maketrans(lowercase,lowercase[2:]+lowercase[:2])
for i in text:if i in lowercase:target_str += translate(i,table)else:target_str +=i
print target_str
print translate('map',table)

#coding:utf-8from string import lowercase, punctuation  
#punctuation 就是那些符号
print punctuation
text = "g fmnc wms bgblr rpylqjyrc gr zw fylb. rfyrq ufyr amknsrcpq ypc dmp. bmgle gr gl zw fylb gq glcddgagclr ylb rfyr'q ufw rfgq rcvr gq qm jmle. sqgle qrpgle.kyicrpylq() gq pcamkkclbcb. lmu ynnjw ml rfc spj. "
这也就等于新的翻译规则了
map_str = dict(zip(lowercase+punctuation+' ', lowercase[2:]+lowercase[:2]+punctuation+' '))  #这里需要将空格再加上
trans_text = ''  
for i in text: trans_text += map_str[i]  
print trans_text

#coding:utf-8
from string import  lowercaselower_str_dict={}
for i in lowercase:lower_str_dict[i]=lowercase.index(i)
print lower_str_dict

{'a': 0, 'c': 2, 'b': 1, 'e': 4, 'd': 3, 'g': 6, 'f': 5, 'i': 8, 'h': 7, 'k': 10, 'j': 9, 'm': 12, 'l': 11, 'o': 14, 'n': 13, 'q': 16, 'p': 15
, 's': 18, 'r': 17, 'u': 20, 't': 19, 'w': 22, 'v': 21, 'y': 24, 'x': 23, 'z': 25}

alph_map=dict(  zip(lowercase, [i for i in range(len(lowercase) )  ])  )
print alph_map