
一、SpringBoot
开源,轻量级开发框架
为了解决企业级应用开发的复杂性而创建的,简化开发
如何简化开发的
- 基于POJO的轻量级和最小侵入性编程
- 通过IOC,依赖注入和面向接口实现松耦合
- 基于切面AOP和管理进行声明式编程
- 通过切面和模板减少样式代码
创建项目
Spring官方提供了非常方便的工具让我们快速构建应用
Spring Initializr:https://start.spring.io/
项目创建方式一:
使用Spring Initializr 的 Web页面创建项目
1、打开 https://start.spring.io/
2、填写项目信息
3、点击”Generate Project“按钮生成项目;下载此项目
4、解压项目包,并用IDEA以Maven项目导入,一路下一步即可,直到项目导入完毕。
5、如果是第一次使用,可能速度会比较慢,包比较多、需要耐心等待一切就绪。
项目创建方式二:
使用 IDEA 直接创建项目
1、创建一个新项目
2、选择spring initalizr , 可以看到默认就是去官网的快速构建工具那里实现
3、填写项目信息
4、选择初始化的组件(初学勾选 Web 即可)
5、填写项目路径
6、等待项目构建成功

在浏览器输入http://localhost:8080 ,出现下图这样算成功

项目结构分析:
通过上面步骤完成了基础项目的创建。就会自动生成以下文件。
1、程序的主启动类 xxApplication.java
2、一个 application.properties 配置文件
3、一个 测试类 xxApplicationTests.java
4、一个 pom.xml
pom.xml
spring-boot-starter所有springboot依赖的开头
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><!-- 有一个父项目[远程的]--><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.7.0</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent><!-- 坐标--><groupId>com.ckl</groupId><artifactId>demo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><name>demo</name><description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description><properties><java.version>1.8</java.version></properties><!-- 依赖--><dependencies><!-- web依赖:里面集成了tomcat-,配置了DispatcherServlet,xml等--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency><!-- 单元测试 --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId><scope>test</scope></dependency></dependencies><build><!-- 打jar包 插件 --><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId></plugin></plugins></build></project>
banner图案
在网站上查找复制进行修改
https://www.bootschool.net/ascii
在resource目录下新建banner.txt文件
二、原理:
1.自动配置:
pom.xml:
- spring-boot-dependencies:核心依赖在父工程中
- 在引入依赖时,不需要指定版本,因为有版本仓库
<!-- 有一个父项目[远程的]--><parent><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId><version>2.7.0</version><relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --></parent>
启动器:
- <!-- 启动器--><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter</artifactId></dependency>
- 就是springboot的启动场景;
- 比如:spring-boot-starter-web,自动导入web环境所有依赖
- springboot会将所有的功能场景都编程一个个的启动器,如果使用寿命功能只需要找到对应的启动器[starter]

https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/current/reference/html/using.html#using.build-systems.starters
2.@SpringBootApplication
//标注这个类是一个springboot的应用 启动类下的所有资源被导入
进入这个注解可以看到上面还有很多其他注解!
@Target({ElementType.TYPE})@Retention(RetentionPolicy.RUNTIME)@Documented@Inherited@SpringBootConfiguration@EnableAutoConfiguration@ComponentScan(excludeFilters = {@Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM,classes = {TypeExcludeFilter.class}), @Filter(type = FilterType.CUSTOM,classes = {AutoConfigurationExcludeFilter.class})})public @interface SpringBootApplication {}
- 注解
- --@SpringBootConfiguration :springboot的配置----@Configuration :spring配置类------@Component :说明这是一个spring组件--@EnableAutoConfiguration :自动配置----@AutoConfigurationPackage : 自动配置包------@Import({Registrar.class}) :自动注册 '包注册'----@Import({AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class}) :自动导入选择在AutoConfigurationImportSelector.class中有//获取所有配置List<String> configurations = this.getCandidateConfigurations(annotationMetadata, attributes);
获取候选的配置
//在上述getCandidateConfigurations中protected List<String> getCandidateConfigurations(AnnotationMetadata metadata, AnnotationAttributes attributes) {List<String> configurations = new ArrayList(SpringFactoriesLoader.loadFactoryNames(this.getSpringFactoriesLoaderFactoryClass(), this.getBeanClassLoader()));ImportCandida tes.load(AutoConfiguration.class, this.getBeanClassLoader()).forEach(configurations::add);Assert.notEmpty(configurations, "No auto configuration classes found in META-INF/spring.factories nor in META-INF/spring/org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.AutoConfiguration.imports. If you are using a custom packaging, make sure that file is correct.");return configurations;}
spring.factories 自动配置的核心文件

自动配置真正实现是从classpath中搜寻所有的META-INF/spring.factories配置文件 ,并将其中对应的 org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure. 包下的配置项,通过反射实例化为对应标注了 @Configuration的JavaConfig形式的IOC容器配置类 , 然后将这些都汇总成为一个实例并加载到IOC容器中
结论:
- SpringBoot在启动的时候从类路径下的META-INF/spring.factories中获取EnableAutoConfiguration指定的值【不一定生效,判断条件:只要导入对应的starter,就有对应的启动器,自动装配就会生效】
- 将这些值作为自动配置类导入容器 , 自动配置类就生效 , 帮我们进行自动配置工作;
- 整个JavaEE的整体解决方案和自动配置都在springboot-autoconfigure的jar包中;
- 它会给容器中导入非常多的自动配置类 (xxxAutoConfiguration), 就是给容器中导入这个场景需要的所有组件 , 并配置好这些组件 ;
- 有了自动配置类 , 免去了我们手动编写配置注入功能组件等的工作;

3.SpringApplication.run
SpringApplication这个类
主要做了以下四件事情:
1、推断应用的类型是普通的项目还是Web项目
2、查找并加载所有可用初始化器 , 设置到initializers属性中
3、找出所有的应用程序监听器,设置到listeners属性中
4、推断并设置main方法的定义类,找到运行的主类
run方法流程分析

三、配置文件
SpringBoot使用一个全局的配置文件 , 配置文件名称是固定的
- application.properties
-
- 语法结构 :key=value
- application.yml
-
- 语法结构 :key:空格 value
**配置文件的作用 :**修改SpringBoot自动配置的默认值,因为SpringBoot在底层都给我们自动配置好了;
YAML
说明:语法要求严格!
1、空格不能省略
2、以缩进来控制层级关系,只要是左边对齐的一列数据都是同一个层级的。
3、属性和值的大小写都是十分敏感的。
注意:
- “ ” 双引号,不会转义字符串里面的特殊字符 , 特殊字符会作为本身想表示的意思;
比如 :name: “chen\n kai” 输出 :chen换行 kai - ‘’ 单引号,会转义特殊字符 , 特殊字符最终会变成和普通字符一样输出
比如 :name: ‘chen\n kai’ 输出 :chen\n kai
application.yaml :
server:port: 8081#普通的key-value#properties的方式:#name=cklname: ckl#properties的方式:对象#student.name = ckl#student.age = 3#对象student:name: cklage: 3#行内写法:#students: {name: kalen,age: 24}#数组pets:- cat- dog- pig#行内写法:#pets: [cat,dog,pig]
实体类:
import org.springframework.boot.context.properties.ConfigurationProperties;@Component//注册bean@ConfigurationProperties(perfix="person")public class Person {private String name;private Integer age;private Boolean happy;private Date birth;private Map<String,Object> maps;private List<Object> lists;private Dog dog;}
可以直接給实体类赋值 , application.yaml:
#通过yaml配置进行赋值person:name: cklage: 24happy: falsebirth: 2022/05/28maps: {k1: v1,k2: v2}lists:- cods- music- girldog:name: 旺财age: 3
测试:
@SpringBootTestclass Springboot02ApplicationTests {@Autowiredprivate Dog dog;@Autowiredprivate Person person;@Testvoid contextLoads() {System.out.println(person);}}
@ConfigurationProperties的作用:
将配置文件中配置的每一个属性的值,映射到这个组件中;
告诉SpringBoot将这个类中的所有属性和配置文件中相关的配置进行绑定
参数 perfix = “person” :将配置文件中的person下面的所有属性一一对应
只有这个组件是容器中的组件,才能使用容器提供的@ConfigurationProperties功能
数据校验JSR303
添加依赖
<dependency><groupId>javax.validation</groupId><artifactId>validation-api</artifactId></dependency>
引入注解,然后就可以使用校验注解了
@Validated //数据校验public class Person {@Email(message="错误提示") //必须是邮箱格式,不然报错private String name;}
常见参数
@NotNull(message="名字不能为空")private String userName;@Max(value=120,message="年龄最大不能查过120")private int age;@Email(message="邮箱格式错误")private String email;空检查@Null 验证对象是否为null@NotNull 验证对象是否不为null, 无法查检长度为0的字符串@NotBlank 检查约束字符串是不是Null还有被Trim的长度是否大于0,只对字符串,且会去掉前后空格.@NotEmpty 检查约束元素是否为NULL或者是EMPTY.Booelan检查@AssertTrue 验证 Boolean 对象是否为 true @AssertFalse 验证 Boolean 对象是否为 false 长度检查@Size(min=, max=) 验证对象(Array,Collection,Map,String)长度是否在给定的范围之内 @Length(min=, max=) string is between min and max included.日期检查@Past 验证 Date 和 Calendar 对象是否在当前时间之前 @Future 验证 Date 和 Calendar 对象是否在当前时间之后 @Pattern 验证 String 对象是否符合正则表达式的规则.......等等除此以外,我们还可以自定义一些数据校验规则
源码位置:

多环境切换
profile是Spring对不同环境提供不同配置功能的支持,可以通过激活不同的环境版本,实现快速切换环境;
我们在主配置文件编写的时候,文件名可以是 application-{profile}.properties/yml , 用来指定多个环境版本;
例如:
application-test.properties 代表测试环境配置
application-dev.properties 代表开发环境配置
但是Springboot并不会直接启动这些配置文件,它默认使用application.properties主配置文件;
我们需要通过一个配置来选择需要激活的环境:
#比如在配置文件中指定使用dev环境,我们可以通过设置不同的端口号进行测试;
#我们启动SpringBoot,就可以看到已经切换到dev下的配置了;
spring.profiles.active=dev
yaml的多文档块
server:port: 8081#选择要激活那个环境块spring:profiles:active: prod---server:port: 8083spring:profiles: dev #配置环境的名称---server:port: 8084spring:profiles: prod #配置环境的名称
注意:如果yml和properties同时都配置了端口,并且没有激活其他环境 , 默认会使用properties配置文件的!
springboot 启动会扫描以下位置的application.properties或者application.yml文件作为Spring boot的默认配置文件:
- 优先级1:项目路径下的config文件夹配置文件
- 优先级2:项目路径下配置文件
- 优先级3:资源路径下的config文件夹配置文件
- 优先级4:资源路径下配置文件
优先级由高到底,高优先级的配置会覆盖低优先级的配置;
四、web开发
1.静态资源导入
在SpringBoot中可以我们可以使用以下方式处理静态资源(查看源码可知)
- webjars [localhost:8080/webjars/]
- public , static , /** resources [localhost:8080/]
优先级:resources > static > public
首页定制:
在WebMvcAutoConfiguration.class中关于首页的代码
@Beanpublic WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping(ApplicationContext applicationContext, FormattingConversionService mvcConversionService, ResourceUrlProvider mvcResourceUrlProvider) {WelcomePageHandlerMapping welcomePageHandlerMapping = new WelcomePageHandlerMapping(new TemplateAvailabilityProviders(applicationContext), applicationContext, this.getWelcomePage(), this.mvcProperties.getStaticPathPattern());welcomePageHandlerMapping.setInterceptors(this.getInterceptors(mvcConversionService, mvcResourceUrlProvider));welcomePageHandlerMapping.setCorsConfigurations(this.getCorsConfigurations());return welcomePageHandlerMapping;}
只需要在静态资源文件夹中新建index.html就可以作为首页输出
但在templates目录下的所有页面,只能通过controller跳转
2.模板引擎
thymeleaf
官网:https://www.thymeleaf.org
Github主页:https://github.com/thymeleaf/thymeleaf
引入依赖:
<!-- thymeleaf,基于3.x--><dependency><groupId>org.thymeleaf</groupId><artifactId>thymeleaf-spring5</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.thymeleaf.extras</groupId><artifactId>thymeleaf-extras-java8time</artifactId></dependency>
结论:只要使用thymeleaf,只需要导入依赖就可。我们将html页面放入thymeleaf目录下即可
1.在html中引入头文件
<html xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org">
2.获取参数
想要获取controller传递的参数
@RequestMapping("/test")public String index(Model model){model.addAttribute("msg","hello,spring boot");return "test";}
然后在html页面中用 th:
<!--所有的html元素,都可以被thymeleaf替换接管, th:元素名--><h2 th:text="${msg}"></h2>
语法:
<div th:utext="${msg}"></div><!-- 转义--><div th:text="${msg}"></div>@RequestMapping("/test")public String index(Model model){model.addAttribute("msg","<h1>hello,spring boot</h1>");return "test";}<h3 th:each="user:${users}" th:text="${user}"></h3>或者另一种写法<h3 th:each="user:${users}">[[${user}]]</h3>@RequestMapping("/test")public String index(Model model){model.addAttribute("users", Arrays.asList("ckl","123"));return "test";}
3.Spring MVC配置
官方文档:
https://docs.spring.io/spring-boot/docs/2.1.6.RELEASE/reference/html/boot-features-developing-web-applications.html#boot-features-spring-mvc
//如果我们要扩展spring mvc官方建议:@Configurationpublic class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {//视图跳转@Overridepublic void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {//http://localhost:8080/ckl 可以访问到testregistry.addViewController("/ckl").setViewName("test");}}
五、员工管理系统
1.POJO层
部门表:
@Data@NoArgsConstructor@AllArgsConstructorpublic class Department {private Integer id;private String departmentName;}
员工表:
@Data@AllArgsConstructor@NoArgsConstructorpublic class Employee {private Integer id;private String lastName;private String email;private Integer gender;//0:女 , 1:男private Department department;private Date birth;}
2.dao层
DepartmentDao.java
import com.ckl.pojo.Department;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import java.util.Collection;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;@Repository//表示被spring托管public class DepartmentDao {//模拟数据库中的数据private static Map<Integer,Department> departments = null;static{departments = new HashMap<Integer,Department>(); //创建一个部门表departments.put(101,new Department(101,"教学部"));departments.put(102,new Department(102,"市场部"));departments.put(103,new Department(103,"教研部"));departments.put(104,new Department(104,"运营部"));departments.put(105,new Department(105,"后勤部"));}//获得所有部门信息public Collection<Department> getDepartments(){return departments.values();}//通过id得到部门public Department getDepartmentById(Integer id){return departments.get(id);}}
EmployeeDao.java
import com.ckl.pojo.Department;import com.ckl.pojo.Employee;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Repository;import java.util.Collection;import java.util.Date;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;@Repositorypublic class EmployeeDao {//模拟数据库数据//模拟数据库中的数据private static Map<Integer,Employee> employees = null;//员工有所属的部门 外表@Autowiredprivate DepartmentDao departmentDao;static{employees = new HashMap<Integer,Employee>();employees.put(101,new Employee(001,"张三","kalen@163.com",1,new Department(1001,"教学部"),new Date()));employees.put(102,new Employee(002,"李四","123@163.com",1,new Department(1002,"市场部"),new Date()));employees.put(103,new Employee(003,"王五","as@163.com",0,new Department(1003,"教研部"),new Date()));employees.put(104,new Employee(004,"赵六","fasf@163.com",1,new Department(1004,"运营部"),new Date()));employees.put(105,new Employee(005,"田七","sxcv@163.com",1,new Department(1005,"后勤部"),new Date()));employees.put(106,new Employee(005,"三八","gyu@163.com",1,new Department(1002, "市场部"),new Date()));}//主键自增private static Integer intId = 107;//增加一个员工public void save(Employee employee){if(employee.getId() == null){employee.setId(intId++);//自增}employee.setDepartment(departmentDao.getDepartmentById(employee.getDepartment().getId()));employees.put(employee.getId(),employee);//主键 , 员工信息}//查询全部员工public Collection<Employee> getAll(){return employees.values();}//通过id查询员工public Employee getEmployeeById(Integer id){return employees.get(id);}//通过id删除员工public void deleteEmployee(Integer id){employees.remove(id);}}
thymeleaf官方文档:
https://www.thymeleaf.org/doc/tutorials/3.0/usingthymeleaf.html#appending-and-prepending
3.首页实现
编写controller类
IndexController.java
package com.ckl.controller;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;@Controllerpublic class IndexController {//在config类中实现addViewControllers方法就不需要controller了/*@RequestMapping({"/","/index.html"})//数组形式用{},访问这两个路径都能进入这个方法public String index(){return "index";}*/}
或者编写MyMvcConfig类
MyMvcConfig.java
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.ViewControllerRegistry;import org.springframework.web.servlet.config.annotation.WebMvcConfigurer;@Configuration//@EnableWebMvcpublic class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {@Overridepublic void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {//这里注册一个controller,走到index;那么就不需要Controller类了//那么这样就需要去掉注解@EnableWebMvcregistry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("index");}}
然后将静态资源修改为支持thymeleaf的样子
连接格式:@{}
application.properties
#关闭模板引擎的缓存spring.thymeleaf.cache=false
注意:
1.所有页面的静态资源都需要thymeleaf接管 @{}
2.页面国际化
4.页面国际化
1.在resource目录下新建一个目录 i18n
创建login.properties配置文件,然后创建login_zh_CN.properties配置文件
之后,两个文件就会自动合并:

之后就可以右键创建 其他语言类的配置文件




之后在application.properties中
#配置文件放置的真实位置spring.messages.basename=i18n.login
之后在具体页面中修改
index.html, 格式:#{}
<form class="form-signin" action="dashboard.html">...<h1 class="h3 mb-3 font-weight-normal" th:text="#{login.tip}" >Please sign in</h1><input type="text" class="form-control" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus=""><input type="password" class="form-control" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="" ><div class="checkbox mb-3"><label><input type="checkbox" value="remember-me" >[[#{login.remember}]]</label></div><button class="btn btn-lg btn-primary btn-block" type="submit" >[[#{login.btn}]]</button><p class="mt-5 mb-3 text-muted">© 2017-2018</p><a class="btn btn-sm">中文</a><a class="btn btn-sm">English</a></form>
实现页面中英文转换
新建MyLoacleResolver类去实现LoacleResolver类
<!-- 创建连接--><a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(l=zh_CN)}">中文</a><a class="btn btn-sm" th:href="@{/index.html(l=en_US)}">English</a>
MyLoacleResolve.java:
import org.springframework.web.servlet.LocaleResolver;import org.thymeleaf.util.StringUtils;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import java.util.Locale;public class MyLoacleResolver implements LocaleResolver {//解析请求@Overridepublic Locale resolveLocale(HttpServletRequest request) {String language = request.getParameter("l");//获取请求中的参数连接Locale locale = Locale.getDefault();//如果没有就使用默认if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(language)){//如果请求的连接携带了区域化的参数 "en_US"String[] split = language.split("_");//字符串分解Locale locale1 = new Locale(split[0], split[1]);//国家,地区}return null;}@Overridepublic void setLocale(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Locale locale) {}}
然后在MyMVCConfig.java中注入Bean
//自定义国际化组件@Beanpublic LocaleResolver localeResolver(){return new MyLoacleResolver();}
注意:
1.需要配置i18n文件
2.如果需要在项目中进行按钮自动切花,需要自定义一个组件 LocaleResolve
3.将组件配置大spring容器中:@Bean
4.#{}
5.登录功能实现
1.修改from表单action属性,添加name属性,index.html:
<form class="form-signin" th:action="@{/user/login}">...<!-- msg为空就不显示--><p style="color: red" th:text="${msg}" th:if="${not #strings.isEmpty(msg)}"></p><input type="text" name="username" class="form-control" th:placeholder="#{login.username}" required="" autofocus="">...<input type="password" name="password" class="form-control" th:placeholder="#{login.password}" required="" ></form>
LoginController.java
@Controllerpublic class LoginController {//@RequestParam("参数名") 接收参数;防止两边参数名不一样接收不到@RequestMapping("/user/login") public String login(@RequestParam("username") String username, @RequestParam("password") String password, Model model){//Model 用来回传数据//具体业务:验证账户密码...if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(username) && "123456".equals(password))return "dashboard";else{model.addAttribute("msg","用户名或者密码错误");//告诉用户登录失败return "index";}}}
此时点击登录按钮跳转之后 URL:http://localhost:8080/user/login?username=123&password=123456
要将其隐藏需要在MyMvcConfig.java中添加映射:
registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");@Configuration//@EnableWebMvcpublic class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {@Override//添加映射public void addViewControllers(ViewControllerRegistry registry) {//这里注册一个controller,走到index;那么就不需要Controller类了//那么这样就需要去掉注解@EnableWebMvcregistry.addViewController("/").setViewName("index");registry.addViewController("/index.html").setViewName("index");registry.addViewController("/main.html").setViewName("dashboard");}
此时URL:http://localhost:8080/main.html
但是此时就算不登录跳转,直接通过URL也可以进入首页,所以我们需要拦截器进行拦截:
6.登录拦截器
创建拦截器类:LoginHandlerInterceptor.java实现HandlerInterceptor接口然后实现其方法:
public class LoginHandlerInterceptor implements HandlerInterceptor {@Overridepublic boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) {//登录成功之后,有用户的Sessionrequest.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");return false;}}
然后在LoginController.java中添加上Session
@Controllerpublic class LoginController {@RequestMapping("/user/login")public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Object handler) throws Exception{//登录成功之后,有用户的SessionObject loginUser = request.getSession().getAttribute("loginUser");if(loginUser == null){ //没有登录request.setAttribute("msg","没有权限,请先登录");request.getRequestDispatcher("/index.html").forward(request,response);return false;}return true;}}
然后将拦截器添加Bean,在MyMvcConfig.java中。注意静态资源过滤
@Configurationpublic class MyMvcConfig implements WebMvcConfigurer {@Overridepublic void addInterceptors(InterceptorRegistry registry) {registry.addInterceptor(new LoginHandlerInterceptor()).addPathPatterns("/**") .excludePathPatterns("/index.html","/","/user/login","/css/*","/js/**","/img/**");// /** :全部拦截; excludePathPatterns():这些不拦截}}
然后在dashboard.html中,吧用户名修改
[[${session.loginUser}]]
7.展示员工列表
在dashboard.html页面中,添加跳转
<li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" th:href="@{/emps}">员工管理<!-- --></a></li>
创建EmployeeController.java
@Controllerpublic class EmployeeController {@AutowiredEmployeeDao employeeDao;@RequestMapping("/emps")public String list(Model model){Collection<Employee> employees = employeeDao.getAll();model.addAttribute("emps",employees);return "emp/list";}}
在templates目录下创建目录emps,将list.html移入emps,【写代码时,将页面进行分类】
此时,可以通过th:fragment=“sidebar"将首页的侧边栏目,用th:insert=”~{dashboard::topbar}"与list页面结合.
然后在thymeleaf目录下创建commons目录,将顶部栏与侧边栏部分提取放入Commons.html中
1.提取公共页面1.th:fragment="sidebar" 2.th:replace="~{commons/commons::topbar}"3.如果要传递参数,可以直接使用()传参,接收判断即可
dashboard.html
<!DOCTYPE html><!-- saved from url=(0052)http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/ --><html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"><meta name="description" content=""><meta name="author" content=""><title>Dashboard Template for Bootstrap</title><!-- Bootstrap core CSS --><link th:href="@{/css/bootstrap.min.css}" rel="stylesheet"><!-- Custom styles for this template --><link th:href="@{/css/dashboard.css}" rel="stylesheet"><style type="text/css">/* Chart.js */@-webkit-keyframes chartjs-render-animation {from {opacity: 0.99}to {opacity: 1}}@keyframes chartjs-render-animation {from {opacity: 0.99}to {opacity: 1}}.chartjs-render-monitor {-webkit-animation: chartjs-render-animation 0.001s;animation: chartjs-render-animation 0.001s;}</style></head><body><div th:replace="~{commons/commons::topbar}"></div><div class="container-fluid"><div class="row"><div th:replace="~{commons/commons::sidebar(active='main.html')}"></div><main role="main" class="col-md-9 ml-sm-auto col-lg-10 pt-3 px-4"><div class="chartjs-size-monitor" style="position: absolute; left: 0px; top: 0px; right: 0px; bottom: 0px; overflow: hidden; pointer-events: none; visibility: hidden; z-index: -1;"><div class="chartjs-size-monitor-expand" style="position:absolute;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;overflow:hidden;pointer-events:none;visibility:hidden;z-index:-1;"><div style="position:absolute;width:1000000px;height:1000000px;left:0;top:0"></div></div><div class="chartjs-size-monitor-shrink" style="position:absolute;left:0;top:0;right:0;bottom:0;overflow:hidden;pointer-events:none;visibility:hidden;z-index:-1;"><div style="position:absolute;width:200%;height:200%;left:0; top:0"></div></div></div><div class="d-flex justify-content-between flex-wrap flex-md-nowrap align-items-center pb-2 mb-3 border-bottom"><h1 class="h2">Dashboard</h1><div class="btn-toolbar mb-2 mb-md-0"><div class="btn-group mr-2"><button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Share</button><button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary">Export</button></div><button class="btn btn-sm btn-outline-secondary dropdown-toggle"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-calendar"><rect x="3" y="4" width="18" height="18" rx="2" ry="2"></rect><line x1="16" y1="2" x2="16" y2="6"></line><line x1="8" y1="2" x2="8" y2="6"></line><line x1="3" y1="10" x2="21" y2="10"></line></svg>This week</button></div></div><canvas class="my-4 chartjs-render-monitor" id="myChart" width="1076" height="454" style="display: block; width: 1076px; height: 454px;"></canvas></main></div></div><!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript================================================== --><!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster --><script type="text/javascript" src="@{/js/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js}" ></script><script type="text/javascript" src="@{/js/popper.min.js}" ></script><script type="text/javascript" src="@{/js/bootstrap.min.js}" ></script><!-- Icons --><script type="text/javascript" src="@{/js/feather.min.js}" ></script><script>feather.replace()</script><!-- Graphs --><script type="text/javascript" src="@{/js/Chart.min.js}" ></script><script>var ctx = document.getElementById("myChart");var myChart = new Chart(ctx, {type: 'line',data: {labels: ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"],datasets: [{data: [15339, 21345, 18483, 24003, 23489, 24092, 12034],lineTension: 0,backgroundColor: 'transparent',borderColor: '#007bff',borderWidth: 4,pointBackgroundColor: '#007bff'}]},options: {scales: {yAxes: [{ticks: {beginAtZero: false}}]},legend: {display: false,}}});</script></body></html>commons.html<!DOCTYPE html><html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"><!--头部导航栏--><nav class="navbar navbar-dark sticky-top bg-dark flex-md-nowrap p-0" th:fragment="topbar"><a class="navbar-brand col-sm-3 col-md-2 mr-0" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">[[${session.loginUser}]]</a><input class="form-control form-control-dark w-100" type="text" placeholder="Search" aria-label="Search"><ul class="navbar-nav px-3"><li class="nav-item text-nowrap"><a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#">注销</a></li></ul></nav><!--侧边栏--><nav class="col-md-2 d-none d-md-block bg-light sidebar" th:fragment="sidebar"><div class="sidebar-sticky"><ul class="nav flex-column"><li class="nav-item"><a th:class="${active=='main.html'?'nav-link active':'nav-link'}" th:href="@{/index.html}"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-home"><path d="M3 9l9-7 9 7v11a2 2 0 0 1-2 2H5a2 2 0 0 1-2-2z"></path><polyline points="9 22 9 12 15 12 15 22"></polyline></svg>首页 <span class="sr-only">(current)</span></a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file"><path d="M13 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V9z"></path><polyline points="13 2 13 9 20 9"></polyline></svg>Orders</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-shopping-cart"><circle cx="9" cy="21" r="1"></circle><circle cx="20" cy="21" r="1"></circle><path d="M1 1h4l2.68 13.39a2 2 0 0 0 2 1.61h9.72a2 2 0 0 0 2-1.61L23 6H6"></path></svg>Products</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a th:class="${active=='list.html'?'nav-link active':'nav-link'}" th:href="@{/emps}">员工管理</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-bar-chart-2"><line x1="18" y1="20" x2="18" y2="10"></line><line x1="12" y1="20" x2="12" y2="4"></line><line x1="6" y1="20" x2="6" y2="14"></line></svg>Reports</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-layers"><polygon points="12 2 2 7 12 12 22 7 12 2"></polygon><polyline points="2 17 12 22 22 17"></polyline><polyline points="2 12 12 17 22 12"></polyline></svg>Integrations</a></li></ul><h6 class="sidebar-heading d-flex justify-content-between align-items-center px-3 mt-4 mb-1 text-muted"><span>Saved reports</span><a class="d-flex align-items-center text-muted" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-plus-circle"><circle cx="12" cy="12" r="10"></circle><line x1="12" y1="8" x2="12" y2="16"></line><line x1="8" y1="12" x2="16" y2="12"></line></svg></a></h6><ul class="nav flex-column mb-2"><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file-text"><path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8z"></path><polyline points="14 2 14 8 20 8"></polyline><line x1="16" y1="13" x2="8" y2="13"></line><line x1="16" y1="17" x2="8" y2="17"></line><polyline points="10 9 9 9 8 9"></polyline></svg>Current month</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file-text"><path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8z"></path><polyline points="14 2 14 8 20 8"></polyline><line x1="16" y1="13" x2="8" y2="13"></line><line x1="16" y1="17" x2="8" y2="17"></line><polyline points="10 9 9 9 8 9"></polyline></svg>Last quarter</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file-text"><path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8z"></path><polyline points="14 2 14 8 20 8"></polyline><line x1="16" y1="13" x2="8" y2="13"></line><line x1="16" y1="17" x2="8" y2="17"></line><polyline points="10 9 9 9 8 9"></polyline></svg>Social engagement</a></li><li class="nav-item"><a class="nav-link" href="http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/#"><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" width="24" height="24" viewBox="0 0 24 24" fill="none" stroke="currentColor" stroke-width="2" stroke-linecap="round" stroke-linejoin="round" class="feather feather-file-text"><path d="M14 2H6a2 2 0 0 0-2 2v16a2 2 0 0 0 2 2h12a2 2 0 0 0 2-2V8z"></path><polyline points="14 2 14 8 20 8"></polyline><line x1="16" y1="13" x2="8" y2="13"></line><line x1="16" y1="17" x2="8" y2="17"></line><polyline points="10 9 9 9 8 9"></polyline></svg>Year-end sale</a></li></ul></div></nav></html>
list.html:
<!DOCTYPE html><!-- saved from url=(0052)http://getbootstrap.com/docs/4.0/examples/dashboard/ --><html lang="en" xmlns:th="http://www.thymeleaf.org"><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=UTF-8"><meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, shrink-to-fit=no"><meta name="description" content=""><meta name="author" content=""><title>Dashboard Template for Bootstrap</title><!-- Bootstrap core CSS --><link th:href="@{/css/bootstrap.min.css}" rel="stylesheet"><!-- Custom styles for this template --><link th:href="@{/css/dashboard.css}" rel="stylesheet"><style type="text/css">/* Chart.js */@-webkit-keyframes chartjs-render-animation {from {opacity: 0.99}to {opacity: 1}}@keyframes chartjs-render-animation {from {opacity: 0.99}to {opacity: 1}}.chartjs-render-monitor {-webkit-animation: chartjs-render-animation 0.001s;animation: chartjs-render-animation 0.001s;}</style></head><body><div th:replace="~{commons/commons::topbar}"></div><div class="container-fluid"><div class="row"><div th:replace="~{commons/commons::sidebar(active='list.html')}"></div><main role="main" class="col-md-9 ml-sm-auto col-lg-10 pt-3 px-4"><h2>Section title</h2><div class="table-responsive"><table class="table table-striped table-sm"><thead><tr><th>id</th><th>lastNme</th><th>email</th><th>gender</th><th>department</th><th>birth</th><th>操作</th></tr></thead><tbody><tr th:each="emp:${emps}"><td th:text="${emp.getId()}"></td><td th:text="${emp.getLastName()}"></td><td th:text="${emp.getEmail()}"></td><td th:text="${emp.getGender()}"></td><td th:text="${emp.getDepartment().getDepartmentName()}"></td><td th:text="${emp.getBirth()}"></td><td><button class="btn btn-sm btn-primary">编辑</button><button class="btn btn-sm btn-danger">删除</button></td></tr></tbody></table></div></main></div></div><!-- Bootstrap core JavaScript================================================== --><!-- Placed at the end of the document so the pages load faster --><script type="text/javascript" src="@{/js/jquery-3.2.1.slim.min.js}"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="@{/js/popper.min.js}"></script><script type="text/javascript" src="@{/js/bootstrap.min.js}"></script><!-- Icons --><script type="text/javascript" src="@{/js/feather.min.js}"></script><script>feather.replace()</script><!-- Graphs --><script type="text/javascript" src="@{/js/Chart.min.js}"></script><script>var ctx = document.getElementById("myChart");var myChart = new Chart(ctx, {type: 'line',data: {labels: ["Sunday", "Monday", "Tuesday", "Wednesday", "Thursday", "Friday", "Saturday"],datasets: [{data: [15339, 21345, 18483, 24003, 23489, 24092, 12034],lineTension: 0,backgroundColor: 'transparent',borderColor: '#007bff',borderWidth: 4,pointBackgroundColor: '#007bff'}]},options: {scales: {yAxes: [{ticks: {beginAtZero: false}}]},legend: {display: false,}}});</script></body></html>
8.添加员工
1.按钮提交2.跳转页面3.添加成功,返回首页
list.html: restfull风格
<h2> <!--get请求 --><a class="btn btn-sm btn-success" th:href="@{/emp}">添加员工</a></h2>EmployeeController.java@PostMapping("/emp")public String addEmp(Employee employee){//添加操作System.out.println(employee);employeeDao.save(employee);//保存员工信息//forward()return "redirect:/emps";}
在emp目录下新建add.html页面,[复用list.html页面,添加form表单]
<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post"><!-- 表单时post请求--><div class="form-group"><label>LastName</label><input type="text" name="lastName" class="form-control" placeholder="kalen"></div><div class="form-group"><label>Email</label><input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" placeholder="kalen12138@163.com"></div><div class="form-group"><input type="radio" class="form-check-input" name="gender" value="1"><label class="form-check-label">男</label></div><div class="form-group"><input type="radio" class="form-check-input" name="gender" value="0"><label class="form-check-label">女</label></div><div class="form-group"><label>department</label><!--我们在controller接收的是一个Employee , 所以我们需要提交的是其中的一个属性--><select class="form-control" name="department.id" ><option th:each="dept:${departments}" th:text="${dept.getDepartmentName()}" th:value="${dept.getId()}"></option></select><!-- 默认的日期格式是yyyy/mm/dd--></div><div class="form-group"><label>Birth</label><input type="text" name="birth" class="form-control" placeholder="1998"></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加</button></form>
9.修改员工信息
在emp目录下新建页面update.html
(复用add.html)
<form th:action="@{/emp}" method="post"><!-- 表单时post请求--><div class="form-group"><label>LastName</label><input type="text" name="lastName" class="form-control" placeholder="kalen"></div><div class="form-group"><label>Email</label><input type="email" name="email" class="form-control" placeholder="kalen12138@163.com"></div><div class="form-group"><input type="radio" class="form-check-input" name="gender" value="1"><label class="form-check-label">男</label></div><div class="form-group"><input type="radio" class="form-check-input" name="gender" value="0"><label class="form-check-label">女</label></div><div class="form-group"><label>department</label><!--我们在controller接收的是一个Employee , 所以我们需要提交的是其中的一个属性--><select class="form-control" name="department.id" ><option th:each="dept:${departments}" th:text="${dept.getDepartmentName()}" th:value="${dept.getId()}"></option></select></div><div class="form-group"><label>Birth</label><input type="text" name="birth" class="form-control" placeholder="1998"><!-- 默认的日期格式是yyyy/mm/dd--></div><button type="submit" class="btn btn-primary">添加</button></form>
list.html:
<td><a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{emp/}+${emp.getId()}">编辑</a><a class="btn btn-sm btn-danger">删除</a></td>
EmployeeController.java
//跳转员工的修改页面@GetMapping("/emp/{id}")public String toUpdateEmp(@PathVariable("id") Integer id,Model model){//查询原来的信息Employee employeeById = employeeDao.getEmployeeById(id);model.addAttribute("emp",employeeById);//查出所有部门信息Collection<Department> departments = departmentDao.getDepartments();model.addAttribute("departments",departments);return "emp/update";}//员工信息修改@PostMapping("/updateEmp")public String updateEmp(Employee employee){employeeDao.save(employee);return "redirect:/emps";}
10.删除
list.html:
<td><a class="btn btn-sm btn-primary" th:href="@{/emp/}+${emp.getId()}">编辑</a><a class="btn btn-sm btn-danger" th:href="@{/delEmp/}+${emp.getId()}">删除</a></td>
EmployeeController.java
//员工信息删除@GetMapping("/delEmp/{id}")public String deleteEmp(@PathVariable("id") Integer id){employeeDao.deleteEmployee(id);return "redirect:/emps";}
CRUD搞定
11.404处理
在thymeleaf目录下新建error目录,在error目录下放404.html,就会自动应用成功
12.注销
commons.html:
<li class="nav-item text-nowrap"><a class="nav-link" th:href="@{/user/loginout}">注销</a></li>
LoginController.java
@RequestMapping("/user/loginout")public String signOut(){session.invalidate();//session销毁,这样注销之后,从url访问首页就会被拦截return "index";}
SpringBoot开发过程总结:
编写开发文档,建立数据库,pom.xml依赖导入
1.编写pojo层(对应数据库表),dao层(业务逻辑实现)
2.编写controller(实现具体业务逻辑,并完成页面间的跳转)
3.编写config层(相当于之前的Bean.xml,比如:拦截器,视图解析器,国际化组件)
4.thymeleaf资加载配置修改(提取公共页面等)
5.实现具体页面功能等。
















