iOS 音视频录制之播放视频，AVPlayer可播放本地视频和在线视频

article/2025/10/2 14:45:02

文章目录

在开发中，单纯使用AVPlayer类是无法显示视频的，要将视频层添加至AVPlayerLayer中，这样才能将视频显示出来，所以先在ViewController的@interface中添加以下属性

@property (nonatomic ,strong) AVPlayer *player;
@property (nonatomic ,strong) AVPlayerItem *playerItem;
@property (nonatomic ,weak) IBOutlet PlayerView *playerView;

其中playerView继承自UIView，不过重写了set和get方法，用于将player添加至playerView的AVPlayerLayer中，这样才能顺利将视频显示出来

在PlayerView.h中声明一个AVPlayer对象，由于默认的layer是CALayer，而AVPlayer只能添加至AVPlayerLayer中，所以我们改变一下layerClass，这样PlayerView的默认layer就变了，之后我们可以把在viewController中初始化的AVPlayer对象赋给AVPlayerLayer的player属性。

PlayerView.h　@property (nonatomic ,strong) AVPlayer *player;PlayerView.m
+ (Class)layerClass {return [AVPlayerLayer class];
}- (AVPlayer *)player {return [(AVPlayerLayer *)[self layer] player];
}- (void)setPlayer:(AVPlayer *)player {[(AVPlayerLayer *)[self layer] setPlayer:player];
}

然后在viewDidLoad中执行初始化：

NSURL *videoUrl = [NSURL URLWithString:@"http://flv.bn.netease.com/videolib3/1707/03/bGYNX4211/SD/movie_index.m3u8"];
self.playerItem = [AVPlayerItem playerItemWithURL:videoUrl];
[self.playerItem addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"status" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];// 监听status属性
[self.playerItem addObserver:self forKeyPath:@"loadedTimeRanges" options:NSKeyValueObservingOptionNew context:nil];// 监听loadedTimeRanges属性
self.player = [AVPlayer playerWithPlayerItem:self.playerItem];
[[NSNotificationCenterdefaultCenter]addObserver:selfselector:@selector(moviePlayDidEnd:) name:AVPlayerItemDidPlayToEndTimeNotificationobject:self.playerItem];

先将在线视频链接存放在videoUrl中，然后初始化playerItem，playerItem是管理资源的对象（A player item manages the presentation state of an asset with which it is associated. A player item contains player item tracks—instances of AVPlayerItemTrack—that correspond to the tracks in the asset.）
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然后监听playerItem的status和loadedTimeRange属性，status有三种状态：

AVPlayerStatusUnknown,

AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay,

AVPlayerStatusFailed

当status等于AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay时代表视频已经可以播放了，我们就可以调用play方法播放了。

loadedTimeRange属性代表已经缓冲的进度，监听此属性可以在UI中更新缓冲进度，也是很有用的一个属性。

最后添加一个通知，用于监听视频是否已经播放完毕，然后实现KVO的方法：

- (void)observeValueForKeyPath:(NSString *)keyPath ofObject:(id)object change:(NSDictionary *)change context:(void *)context {AVPlayerItem *playerItem = (AVPlayerItem *)object;if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"status"]) {if ([playerItem status] == AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay) {NSLog(@"AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay");self.stateButton.enabled = YES;CMTime duration = self.playerItem.duration;// 获取视频总长度CGFloat totalSecond = playerItem.duration.value / playerItem.duration.timescale;// 转换成秒_totalTime = [self convertTime:totalSecond];// 转换成播放时间[self customVideoSlider:duration];// 自定义UISlider外观NSLog(@"movie total duration:%f",CMTimeGetSeconds(duration));[self monitoringPlayback:self.playerItem];// 监听播放状态} else if ([playerItem status] == AVPlayerStatusFailed) {NSLog(@"AVPlayerStatusFailed");}} else if ([keyPath isEqualToString:@"loadedTimeRanges"]) {NSTimeInterval timeInterval = [self availableDuration];// 计算缓冲进度NSLog(@"Time Interval:%f",timeInterval);CMTime duration = self.playerItem.duration;CGFloat totalDuration = CMTimeGetSeconds(duration);[self.videoProgress setProgress:timeInterval / totalDuration animated:YES];}
}- (NSTimeInterval)availableDuration {NSArray *loadedTimeRanges = [[self.playerView.player currentItem] loadedTimeRanges];CMTimeRange timeRange = [loadedTimeRanges.firstObject CMTimeRangeValue];// 获取缓冲区域float startSeconds = CMTimeGetSeconds(timeRange.start);float durationSeconds = CMTimeGetSeconds(timeRange.duration);NSTimeInterval result = startSeconds + durationSeconds;// 计算缓冲总进度return result;
}- (NSString *)convertTime:(CGFloat)second{NSDate *d = [NSDate dateWithTimeIntervalSince1970:second];NSDateFormatter *formatter = [[NSDateFormatter alloc] init];if (second/3600 >= 1) {[formatter setDateFormat:@"HH:mm:ss"];} else {[formatter setDateFormat:@"mm:ss"];}NSString *showtimeNew = [formatter stringFromDate:d];return showtimeNew;
}

此方法主要对status和loadedTimeRanges属性做出响应，status状态变为AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay时，说明视频已经可以播放了，这时我们可以获取一些视频的信息，包含视频长度等，把播放按钮设备enabled，点击就可以调用play方法播放视频了。在AVPlayerStatusReadyToPlay的底部还有个monitoringPlayback方法

- (void)monitoringPlayback:(AVPlayerItem *)playerItem {self.playbackTimeObserver = [self.playerView.player addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:CMTimeMake(1, 1) queue:NULL usingBlock:^(CMTime time) {CGFloat currentSecond = playerItem.currentTime.value/playerItem.currentTime.timescale;// 计算当前在第几秒[self updateVideoSlider:currentSecond];NSString *timeString = [self convertTime:currentSecond];self.timeLabel.text = [NSString stringWithFormat:@"%@/%@",timeString,_totalTime];}];
}

monitoringPlayback用于监听每秒的状态，- (id)addPeriodicTimeObserverForInterval:(CMTime)interval queue:(dispatch_queue_t)queue usingBlock:(void (^)(CMTime time))block;此方法就是关键，interval参数为响应的间隔时间，这里设为每秒都响应，queue是队列，传NULL代表在主线程执行。可以更新一个UI，比如进度条的当前时间等。

作为播放器，除了播放，暂停等功能外。还有一个必不可少的功能，那就是显示当前播放进度，还有缓冲的区域，我的思路是这样，用UIProgressView显示缓冲的可播放区域，用UISlider显示当前正在播放的进度，当然这里要对UISlider做一些自定义，代码如下：

- (void)customVideoSlider:(CMTime)duration {self.videoSlider.maximumValue = CMTimeGetSeconds(duration);UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions((CGSize){ 1, 1 }, NO, 0.0f);UIImage *transparentImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext();UIGraphicsEndImageContext();[self.videoSlider setMinimumTrackImage:transparentImage forState:UIControlStateNormal];[self.videoSlider setMaximumTrackImage:transparentImage forState:UIControlStateNormal];
}