在Mysql 数据库中存在两种字符串连接操作.具体操作如下
一. 语法:
1. CONCAT(string1,string2,…) 说明 : string1,string2代表字符串,concat函数在连接字符串的时候，只要其中一个是NULL,那么将返回NULL
例1:
例2:
2. CONCAT_WS(separator,str1,str2,...)
说明 : string1,string2代表字符串,concat_ws 代表 concat with separator,第一个参数是其它参数的分隔符。分隔符的位置放在要连接的两个字符串之间。分隔符可以是一个字符串，也可以是其它参数。如果分隔符为 NULL，则结果为 NULL。函数会忽略任何分隔符参数后的 NULL 值。
举例1:
mysql> select concat_ws('#','courseName=','NX',null) AS nx_courseName;
+-----------------------+
| nx_courseName |
+-----------------------+
| courseName=#NX|
+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
例2:
mysql> select concat_ws('null','courseName=','NX',null) AS nx_courseName;+-----------------------+
| nx_courseName |
+-----------------------+
| NULL |
+-----------------------+
1 row in set (0.00 sec)
3. MySQL中group_concat函数
完整的语法如下：
group_concat([DISTINCT] 要连接的字段 [Order BY ASC/DESC 排序字段] [Separator '分隔符'])
基本查询
mysql> select * from stu1;
+------+------+
| id| name |
+------+------+
|1 | 10|
|1 | 20|
|1 | 20|
|2 | 20|
|3 | 200 |
|3 | 500 |
+------+------+
6 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以id分组，把name字段的值打印在一行，逗号分隔(默认)
mysql> select id,group_concat(name) from aa group by id;
+------+--------------------+
| id| group_concat(name) |
+------+--------------------+
|1 | 10,20,20|
|2 | 20 |
|3 | 200,500|
+------+--------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以id分组，把name字段的值打印在一行，分号分隔
mysql> select id,group_concat(name separator ';') from aa group by id;
+------+----------------------------------+
| id| group_concat(name separator ';') |
+------+----------------------------------+
|1 | 10;20;20 |
|2 | 20|
|3 | 200;500 |
+------+----------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以id分组，把去冗余的name字段的值打印在一行，
逗号分隔
mysql> select id,group_concat(distinct name) from aa group by id;
+------+-----------------------------+
| id| group_concat(distinct name) |
+------+-----------------------------+
|1 | 10,20|
|2 | 20 |
|3 | 200,500 |
+------+-----------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
以id分组，把name字段的值打印在一行，逗号分隔，以name排倒序
mysql> select id,group_concat(name order by name desc) from aa group by id;
+------+---------------------------------------+
| id| group_concat(name order by name desc) |
+------+---------------------------------------+
|1 | 20,20,10 |
|2 | 20|
|3 | 500,200|
+------+---------------------------------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
还有一个简单的连接方式为: ||
mysql> select * from student;
+----+------+-------+----------+------------+
| id | age | score | name | birth |
+----+------+-------+----------+------------+
| 1 | 23 | 78 | 李四 | 2017-10-10 |
| 2 | 24 | 78 | zhangsan | 2017-10-10 |
| 3 | 25 | 99 | 王五 | 2016-05-17 |
+----+------+-------+----------+------------+
3 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql> select id+999,name,name+99,name+'999' from student;
+--------+----------+---------+------------+
| id+999 | name | name+99 | name+'999' |
+--------+----------+---------+------------+
| 1000 | 李四 | 99 | 999 |
| 1001 | zhangsan | 99 | 999 |
| 1002 | 王五 | 99 | 999 |
+--------+----------+---------+------------+
3 rows in set, 6 warnings (0.00 sec)
