URLRewrite地址重定向的实现

URLRewrite就是我们通常说的地址重写，用户得到的全部都是经过处理后的URL地址。其优点有：

（1）提高安全性，可以有效的避免一些参数名、ID等完全暴露在用户面前，如果用户随便乱输的话，不符合规则的话直接会返回个404或错误页面，这比直接返回500或一大堆服务器错误信息要好的多。

（2）美化URL，去除了那些比如*.do之类的后缀名、长长的参数串等，可以自己组织精简更能反映访问模块内容的URL。

（3）更有利于搜索引擎的收入，通过对URL的一些优化，可以使搜索引擎更好的识别与收录网站的信息。

实现过程：

1 参考http://blog.csdn.net/haishu_zheng/article/details/51490299，用第二种方法创建一个名为urlrewrite_demo的Maven工程。

2 文件目录结构如下图所示

3 在pom.xml中添加四个jar包：

spring-webmvc

spring-context-support

urlrewritefilter

freemarker

添加完之后的完整内容为

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>urlrewrite_demo</groupId><artifactId>urlrewrite_demo</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>war</packaging><name>urlrewrite_demo</name><description /><properties><project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8</project.build.sourceEncoding></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>3.2.9.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.tuckey</groupId><artifactId>urlrewritefilter</artifactId><version>4.0.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.freemarker</groupId><artifactId>freemarker</artifactId><version>2.3.23</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax</groupId><artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId><version>7.0</version><scope>provided</scope></dependency></dependencies><build><plugins><plugin><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>2.3.2</version><configuration><source>1.7</source><target>1.7</target></configuration></plugin><plugin><artifactId>maven-war-plugin</artifactId><version>2.2</version><configuration><version>3.1</version><failOnMissingWebXml>false</failOnMissingWebXml></configuration></plugin></plugins></build>
</project>

4 web.xml中的完整内容为

<?xml version="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaeehttp://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_1.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="3.1"><display-name>urlrewrite_demo</display-name><filter><filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name><filter-class>org.tuckey.web.filters.urlrewrite.UrlRewriteFilter</filter-class></filter><filter-mapping><filter-name>UrlRewriteFilter</filter-name><url-pattern>/*</url-pattern><dispatcher>REQUEST</dispatcher><dispatcher>FORWARD</dispatcher></filter-mapping><servlet><servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>/WEB-INF/classes/config/spring/applicationContext-mvc.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>dispatcher</servlet-name><url-pattern>/service/*</url-pattern></servlet-mapping>
</web-app>

5 /src/main/reources/config/spring/applicationContext-mvc.xml中的完整内容为

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.2.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/contexthttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.2.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.2.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/txhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.2.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.2.xsd"><!-- 有 @Controller注解的表现层控制器组件 --><context:component-scan base-package="com.zheng.controller" /><!-- 配置freeMarker模板加载地址 --><bean id="freemarkerConfig" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerConfigurer"><!-- 视图解析器在/WEB-INF/views/路径下扫描视图文件 --><property name="templateLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /><property name="freemarkerSettings" ref="freemarkerConfiguration" />   </bean><!-- 配置Freemarker属性文件路径 --><bean id="freemarkerConfiguration" class="org.springframework.beans.factory.config.PropertiesFactoryBean"><property name="location" value="classpath:config/properties/freemarker.properties"/></bean><!-- 配置freeMarker视图解析器 --><bean id="freemakerViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerViewResolver"><property name="viewClass" value="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.freemarker.FreeMarkerView"/><property name="suffix" value=".ftl" /> <property name="contentType" value="text/html; charset=UTF-8" />   </bean></beans>

6 /src/main/resources/config/properties/freemarker.properties中的完整内容为

tag_syntax=auto_detect
classic_compatible=true
whitespace_stripping=true
template_update_delay=2
default_encoding=UTF-8
output_encoding=UTF-8
url_escaping_charset=UTF-8
locale=zh_CN
date_format=yyyy-MM-dd
time_format=HH:mm:ss
datetime_format=yyyy-MM-dd HH\:mm\:ss

7 /src/main/java/com/zheng/controller/TestController.java中的完整代码为

package com.zheng.controller;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;
import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;@Controller
@RequestMapping("/login")
public class TestController {@RequestMapping("/toLoginIndex")public String toLoginIndex(){return "/test";}
}

8 /src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/views/test.ftl中的完整代码为：

<html>
<head><title>Insert title here</title>
</head>
<body>Hello, World!
</body>
</html>

9 /src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/urlrewrite.xml中的完整代码为

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>  
<!DOCTYPE urlrewrite PUBLIC "-//tuckey.org//DTD UrlRewrite 4.0//EN" 
"http://www.tuckey.org/res/dtds/urlrewrite4.0.dtd">
<urlrewrite decode-using="UTF-8"><rule><from>/$</from><to>/service/login/toLogin</to></rule>
</urlrewrite>

注意：这里的<from>和<to>决定了

http://localhost:8080/urlrewrite_demo 映射为

http://localhos:8080/urlrewrite_demo/service/login/toLoginIndex

假如<from>/$</from>改为<from>/abc</from>，则

http://localhost:8080/urlrewrite_demo/abc 映射为

http://localhos:8080/urlrewrite_demo/service/login/toLoginIndex

10 将urlrewrite_demo添加进Tomcat7中并运行