前言

看电影的时候发现一个照片墙的功能，觉得这样生成照片挺好玩的，于是就动手用Python做了一下，觉得用来作照片纪念的效果可能会不错。

P:后面了解到我想做的功能叫蒙太奇拼图，所以这篇博客记录先留着，闲下来会去看一下蒙太奇拼图的算法

Github

https://github.com/jiandi1027/photo.git

效果

实现过程

1.获取图片文件夹的图片个数N，将底图拆分成XY块区域，且使X * Y<N
（为了保证整体的协调，会舍弃几张图片，比如5张时可能只取22的4张图片）

	# 打开图片 base = Image.open(baseImgPath)base = base.convert('RGBA')# 获取图片文件夹图片并打乱顺序files = glob.glob(imagesPath + '/*.*')  random.shuffle(files)# 图片数量num = len(files)# 底图大小x = base.size[0]y = base.size[1]# 每张图片数量 这个公式是为了xNum * yNum 的总图片数量<num又成比例的最大整数yNum = int((num / (y / x)) ** 0.5)if yNum == 0:yNum = 1xNum = int(num / yNum)# 图片大小 因为像素没有小数点 为防止黑边所以+1xSize = int(x / xNum) + 1ySize = int(y / yNum) + 1

2.遍历文件夹的图片，依次填充生成最终合成图

for file in files:fromImage = Image.open(file)i = int(num % xNum)j = int(num / xNum)out = fromImage.resize((xSize, ySize), Image.ANTIALIAS).convert('RGBA')toImage.paste(out, (i * xSize, j * ySize))toImage = toImage.convert('RGBA')img = Image.blend(base, toImage, 0.3)# 显示图片photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(img)showLabel.config(image=photo)showLabel.image = photoif num < xNum * yNum:num = num + 1

3.生成结束后保存图片
toImage.save(‘generator.png’)
img.save(“final.png”)


4.建立可视化界面

5.Pyinstaller生成exe可执行文件
安装pyinstaller模块，执行命令生成exe文件

pyinstaller -F -w test.py （-w就是取消窗口）

整体代码

Python的语法和设计规范还没学过，所以代码规范代码复用之类的可能会有点不到位，本博文主要是一个思路与整体流程的记录。
后续又优化了一下一些特效，比如合成图片采用随机位置，增加黑白，流年等显示特效，透明度自选等。

import PIL.Image as Image
import glob
import random
import tkinter.filedialog
from tkinter.filedialog import askdirectory, Label, Button, Radiobutton, Entry
import threadingimport numpy as np
from PIL import ImageTkalpha = 0.3
imagesPath = ''# 滑动条回调 修改透明度
def resize(ev=None):global alphaalpha = scale.get() / 100# 黑白
def blackWithe(image):# r,g,b = r*0.299+g*0.587+b*0.114im = np.asarray(image.convert('RGB'))trans = np.array([[0.299, 0.587, 0.114], [0.299, 0.587, 0.114], [0.299, 0.587, 0.114]]).transpose()im = np.dot(im, trans)return Image.fromarray(np.array(im).astype('uint8'))# 流年
def fleeting(image, params=12):im = np.asarray(image.convert('RGB'))im1 = np.sqrt(im * [1.0, 0.0, 0.0]) * paramsim2 = im * [0.0, 1.0, 1.0]im = im1 + im2return Image.fromarray(np.array(im).astype('uint8'))# 旧电影
def oldFilm(image):im = np.asarray(image.convert('RGB'))# r=r*0.393+g*0.769+b*0.189 g=r*0.349+g*0.686+b*0.168 b=r*0.272+g*0.534b*0.131trans = np.array([[0.393, 0.769, 0.189], [0.349, 0.686, 0.168], [0.272, 0.534, 0.131]]).transpose()# clip 超过255的颜色置为255im = np.dot(im, trans).clip(max=255)return Image.fromarray(np.array(im).astype('uint8'))# 反色
def reverse(image):im = 255 - np.asarray(image.convert('RGB'))return Image.fromarray(np.array(im).astype('uint8'))def chooseBaseImagePath():name = tkinter.filedialog.askopenfilename()if name != '':global baseImgPathbaseImgPath = namebaseImageLabel.config(text=name)baseImg = Image.open(baseImgPath)widthEntry.delete(0, tkinter.END)heightEntry.delete(0, tkinter.END)widthEntry.insert(0, baseImg.size[0])heightEntry.insert(0, baseImg.size[1])else:baseImageLabel.config(text="您没有选择任何文件")def chooseImagesPath():name = askdirectory()if name != '':global imagesPathimagesPath = nameImagesLabel.config(text=name)else:ImagesLabel.config(text="您没有选择任何文件")def thread_it(func, *args):# 创建t = threading.Thread(target=func, args=args)# 守护 !!!t.setDaemon(True)# 启动t.start()def test():MyThread(1, "Thread-1", 1).start()baseImgPath = ''def generator():baseImg = Image.open(baseImgPath)baseImg = baseImg.convert('RGBA')files = glob.glob(imagesPath + '/*.*')  # 获取图片random.shuffle(files)num = len(files)# 模板图片大小x = baseImg.size[0]y = baseImg.size[1]# 每张图片数量 这个公式是为了xNum * yNum 的总图片数量<num又成比例的最大整数yNum = int((num / (y / x)) ** 0.5)if yNum == 0:yNum = 1xNum = int(num / yNum)# 图片大小 因为像素没有小数点 为防止黑边所以+1xSize = int(x / xNum) + 1ySize = int(y / yNum) + 1# 生成数量的随机列表 用于随机位置合成图片l = [n for n in range(0, xNum * yNum)]random.shuffle(l)toImage = Image.new('RGB', (x, y))num = 1for file in files:if num <= xNum * yNum:num = num + 1else:breakfromImage = Image.open(file)temp = l.pop()i = int(temp % xNum)j = int(temp / xNum)out = fromImage.resize((xSize, ySize), Image.ANTIALIAS).convert('RGBA')toImage.paste(out, (i * xSize, j * ySize))toImage = toImage.convert('RGBA')img = Image.blend(baseImg, toImage, alpha)# 特效 但是会读取像素会降低效率choose = v.get()if choose == 1:img = blackWithe(img)elif choose == 2:img = fleeting(img)elif choose == 3:img = oldFilm(img)elif choose == 4:img = reverse(img)resize = img.resize((300, 300), Image.ANTIALIAS).convert('RGBA')# 显示图片photo = ImageTk.PhotoImage(resize)showLabel.config(image=photo)showLabel.image = phototoImage.save('generator.png')img = img.resize((int(widthEntry.get()),int(heightEntry.get())), Image.ANTIALIAS).convert('RGBA')img.save("final.png")resize.save("resize.png")class MyThread(threading.Thread):  # 继承父类threading.Threaddef __init__(self, threadID, name, counter):threading.Thread.__init__(self)self.threadID = threadIDself.name = nameself.counter = counterdef run(self):  # 把要执行的代码写到run函数里面 线程在创建后会直接运行run函数generator()root = tkinter.Tk()
root.title('generator')
root.geometry('500x550')
baseImageLabel = Label(root, text='')
baseImageLabel.place(x=10, y=10)
baseImageBtn = Button(root, text="选择底图", command=chooseBaseImagePath).place(x=10, y=30)
ImagesLabel = Label(root, text='')
ImagesLabel.place(x=10, y=60)
ImagesBtn = Button(root, text="选择合成图文件夹", command=chooseImagesPath).place(x=10, y=80)v = tkinter.IntVar()
v.set(0)
Radiobutton(root, variable=v, text='默认', value=0, ).place(x=10, y=120)
Radiobutton(root, variable=v, text='黑白', value=1, ).place(x=110, y=120)
Radiobutton(root, variable=v, text='流年', value=2, ).place(x=210, y=120)
Radiobutton(root, variable=v, text='旧电影', value=3, ).place(x=310, y=120)
Radiobutton(root, variable=v, text='反色', value=4, ).place(x=410, y=120)scaleLabel = Label(root, text='透明度').place(x=10, y=170)
scale = tkinter.Scale(root, from_=0, to=100, orient=tkinter.HORIZONTAL, command=resize)
scale.set(30)  # 设置初始值
scale.pack(fill=tkinter.X, expand=1)
scale.place(x=70, y=150)
Label(root, text='宽(像素)').place(x=180, y=170)
widthEntry = Entry(root, bd=1)
widthEntry.place(x=230, y=173, width=100)
Label(root, text='高(像素)').place(x=320, y=170)
heightEntry = Entry(root, bd=1)
heightEntry.place(x=370, y=173, width=100)generatorBtn = Button(root, text="生成", command=test).place(x=10, y=220)
showLabel = Label(root)
showLabel.place(x=100, y=220)
root.mainloop()