D2D引擎与GDI\GDI+绘制效果对比

本例主要是对比D2D和GDI在绘制文字、线条的区别，以及D2D与GDI+在绘制图片时的区别。

D2D是基于COM组件开发的，使用前的CoInitialize(NULL)是必须的；另外，GDI+的初始化GdiplusStartup（）也别忘了。

废话少说，完整代码如下：

// D2DDemo.cpp : 定义应用程序的入口点。
//#include "stdafx.h"
#include "D2DDemo.h"
#include <D2D1.h>
#include <DWrite.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "D2D1")
#pragma comment(lib, "DWrite")
#include <atlbase.h>
#include <atlcom.h>
#include <wincodec.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "windowscodecs")
#include <GdiPlus.h>
#pragma comment(lib, "GdiPlus")
using namespace Gdiplus;#define MAX_LOADSTRING 100
// 全局变量:
HINSTANCE hInst;								// 当前实例
TCHAR szTitle[MAX_LOADSTRING];					// 标题栏文本
TCHAR szWindowClass[MAX_LOADSTRING];			// 主窗口类名// 此代码模块中包含的函数的前向声明:
ATOM				MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance);
BOOL				InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int);
LRESULT CALLBACK	WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
INT_PTR CALLBACK	About(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
BOOL				InitD2DResource();
BOOL				InitDeviceResource(HWND hWnd);
void				D2DDraw();
BOOL				OnCreate(HWND hWnd);
HRESULT				LoadBitmapFromFile(ID2D1RenderTarget *pRenderTarget,IWICImagingFactory *pIWICFactory,PCWSTR uri,UINT destinationWidth,UINT destinationHeight,ID2D1Bitmap **ppBitmap);
//这里来定义全局变量
CComPtr<ID2D1Factory>			g_pD2d1Factory;
CComPtr<IDWriteFactory>			g_pDWriteFactory;
CComPtr<IDWriteTextFormat>		g_pDWriteFormat;
CComPtr<ID2D1HwndRenderTarget>	g_pD2D1HwndRender;
CComPtr<ID2D1GdiInteropRenderTarget>	g_pD2DGdiRender;
CComPtr<IWICImagingFactory>		g_pWicImageFactory;
CComPtr<ID2D1Bitmap>			g_pBkImage;
LOGFONT g_logFont;
HFONT	g_hTextFont	= NULL;
#define FREE_COM_PTR(x)	{ if (x) { x->Release(); x = NULL; } }int APIENTRY _tWinMain(HINSTANCE hInstance,HINSTANCE hPrevInstance,LPTSTR    lpCmdLine,int       nCmdShow)
{UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);HRESULT hr = CoInitialize(NULL);ULONG_PTR ptr;GdiplusStartupInput	input;GdiplusStartup(&ptr, &input, NULL);// TODO: 在此放置代码。MSG msg;HACCEL hAccelTable;memset(&g_logFont, 0, sizeof(LOGFONT));g_logFont.lfHeight	= 40;g_logFont.lfWidth	= 0;g_logFont.lfWeight	= FW_NORMAL;g_logFont.lfCharSet	= DEFAULT_CHARSET;g_logFont.lfOutPrecision	= OUT_DEFAULT_PRECIS;g_logFont.lfClipPrecision	= CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS;g_logFont.lfQuality			= DEFAULT_QUALITY;g_logFont.lfPitchAndFamily	= DEFAULT_PITCH|FF_SWISS;wcscpy(g_logFont.lfFaceName, L"微软雅黑");g_hTextFont = CreateFontIndirect(&g_logFont);// 初始化全局字符串LoadString(hInstance, IDS_APP_TITLE, szTitle, MAX_LOADSTRING);LoadString(hInstance, IDC_D2DDEMO, szWindowClass, MAX_LOADSTRING);MyRegisterClass(hInstance);// 执行应用程序初始化:if (!InitInstance (hInstance, nCmdShow)){return FALSE;}hAccelTable = LoadAccelerators(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_D2DDEMO));// 主消息循环:while (GetMessage(&msg, NULL, 0, 0)){if (!TranslateAccelerator(msg.hwnd, hAccelTable, &msg)){TranslateMessage(&msg);DispatchMessage(&msg);}}if ( g_hTextFont ){DeleteObject(g_hTextFont);g_hTextFont = NULL;}GdiplusShutdown(ptr);CoUninitialize();return (int) msg.wParam;
}//
//  函数: MyRegisterClass()
//
//  目的: 注册窗口类。
//
//  注释:
//
//    仅当希望
//    此代码与添加到 Windows 95 中的“RegisterClassEx”
//    函数之前的 Win32 系统兼容时，才需要此函数及其用法。调用此函数十分重要，
//    这样应用程序就可以获得关联的
//    “格式正确的”小图标。
//
ATOM MyRegisterClass(HINSTANCE hInstance)
{WNDCLASSEX wcex;wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);wcex.style			= CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;wcex.lpfnWndProc	= WndProc;wcex.cbClsExtra		= 0;wcex.cbWndExtra		= 0;wcex.hInstance		= hInstance;wcex.hIcon			= LoadIcon(hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_D2DDEMO));wcex.hCursor		= LoadCursor(NULL, IDC_ARROW);wcex.hbrBackground	= (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW+1);wcex.lpszMenuName	= MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDC_D2DDEMO);wcex.lpszClassName	= szWindowClass;wcex.hIconSm		= LoadIcon(wcex.hInstance, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDI_SMALL));return RegisterClassEx(&wcex);
}//
//   函数: InitInstance(HINSTANCE, int)
//
//   目的: 保存实例句柄并创建主窗口
//
//   注释:
//
//        在此函数中，我们在全局变量中保存实例句柄并
//        创建和显示主程序窗口。
//
BOOL InitInstance(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{HWND hWnd;hInst = hInstance; // 将实例句柄存储在全局变量中hWnd = CreateWindow(szWindowClass, szTitle, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW,CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, CW_USEDEFAULT, 0, NULL, NULL, hInstance, NULL);if (!hWnd){return FALSE;}ShowWindow(hWnd, nCmdShow);UpdateWindow(hWnd);return TRUE;
}//
//  函数: WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM)
//
//  目的: 处理主窗口的消息。
//
//  WM_COMMAND	- 处理应用程序菜单
//  WM_PAINT	- 绘制主窗口
//  WM_DESTROY	- 发送退出消息并返回
//
//
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{int wmId, wmEvent;PAINTSTRUCT ps;HDC hdc;switch (message){case WM_COMMAND:wmId    = LOWORD(wParam);wmEvent = HIWORD(wParam);// 分析菜单选择:switch (wmId){case IDM_ABOUT:DialogBox(hInst, MAKEINTRESOURCE(IDD_ABOUTBOX), hWnd, About);break;case IDM_EXIT:DestroyWindow(hWnd);break;default:return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);}break;case WM_CREATE:OnCreate(hWnd);break;case WM_PAINT:hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);// TODO: 在此添加任意绘图代码...D2DDraw();EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);break;case WM_DESTROY:PostQuitMessage(0);break;case WM_SIZE:{if ( g_pD2D1HwndRender ){int nWidth = LOWORD(lParam);int nHeight= HIWORD(lParam);D2D1_SIZE_U sz = D2D1::SizeU(nWidth, nHeight);g_pD2D1HwndRender->Resize(sz);}}case WM_ERASEBKGND:return TRUE;default:return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);}return 0;
}// “关于”框的消息处理程序。
INT_PTR CALLBACK About(HWND hDlg, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lParam);switch (message){case WM_INITDIALOG:return (INT_PTR)TRUE;case WM_COMMAND:if (LOWORD(wParam) == IDOK || LOWORD(wParam) == IDCANCEL){EndDialog(hDlg, LOWORD(wParam));return (INT_PTR)TRUE;}break;}return (INT_PTR)FALSE;
}BOOL InitD2DResource()
{BOOL bRet = FALSE;ID2D1Factory*			pD2dFactory			= NULL;IDWriteFactory*			pDwriteFactory		= NULL;IDWriteTextFormat*		pDwriteTextFormat	= NULL;IWICImagingFactory*		pWicImgFactory		= NULL;try{HRESULT hr = D2D1CreateFactory(D2D1_FACTORY_TYPE_SINGLE_THREADED, &pD2dFactory);if ( FAILED(hr) )throw L"D2D1CreateFactory error!";hr = CoCreateInstance( CLSID_WICImagingFactory, NULL, CLSCTX_INPROC_SERVER,IID_IWICImagingFactory, (LPVOID*)&pWicImgFactory );if ( FAILED(hr) )throw L"CoCreateInstance error!";hr = DWriteCreateFactory(DWRITE_FACTORY_TYPE_SHARED, __uuidof(IDWriteFactory), \reinterpret_cast<IUnknown**>(&pDwriteFactory));if ( FAILED(hr) )throw L"DWriteCreateFactory error!";hr = pDwriteFactory->CreateTextFormat(L"微软雅黑", NULL, DWRITE_FONT_WEIGHT_REGULAR, \DWRITE_FONT_STYLE_NORMAL, DWRITE_FONT_STRETCH_NORMAL, 30.0f, L"chs", &pDwriteTextFormat);if ( FAILED(hr) )throw L"CreateTextFormat error!";//水平居中pDwriteTextFormat->SetTextAlignment(DWRITE_TEXT_ALIGNMENT_CENTER);//垂直居中pDwriteTextFormat->SetParagraphAlignment(DWRITE_PARAGRAPH_ALIGNMENT_CENTER);bRet = TRUE;}catch(WCHAR* pMsg){MessageBox(NULL, pMsg, L"InitD2DResource出错：", IDOK);}catch(...){}if ( bRet ){g_pD2d1Factory		= pD2dFactory;g_pDWriteFactory	= pDwriteFactory;g_pDWriteFormat		= pDwriteTextFormat;g_pWicImageFactory	= pWicImgFactory;}else{FREE_COM_PTR(pD2dFactory);FREE_COM_PTR(pDwriteFactory);FREE_COM_PTR(pDwriteTextFormat);FREE_COM_PTR(pWicImgFactory);}return bRet;
}BOOL InitDeviceResource(HWND hWnd)
{if ( g_pD2d1Factory == NULL )return FALSE;RECT rc;GetClientRect(hWnd, &rc);D2D1_SIZE_U sz = D2D1::SizeU(rc.right-rc.left, rc.bottom-rc.top);D2D1_RENDER_TARGET_PROPERTIES rtProps = D2D1::RenderTargetProperties();rtProps.usage =  D2D1_RENDER_TARGET_USAGE_GDI_COMPATIBLE;HRESULT hr = g_pD2d1Factory->CreateHwndRenderTarget( rtProps, \D2D1::HwndRenderTargetProperties(hWnd, sz), &g_pD2D1HwndRender);if ( FAILED(hr) )return FALSE;hr = g_pD2D1HwndRender->QueryInterface(__uuidof(ID2D1GdiInteropRenderTarget), (void**)&g_pD2DGdiRender);return SUCCEEDED(hr);
}void D2DDraw()
{//D2D GDI混合绘图if ( g_pD2D1HwndRender == NULL )return ;g_pD2D1HwndRender->BeginDraw();//D2D绘制g_pD2D1HwndRender->Clear(D2D1::ColorF(RGB(255,255,255), 1.0));//绘制背景位图if ( g_pBkImage ){D2D1_RECT_F desRc = D2D1::RectF(420.0f, 0.0f, 720.0f, 200.0f);g_pD2D1HwndRender->DrawBitmap(g_pBkImage, &desRc);}const WCHAR* pText = L"Hello world!!! by D2D";D2D1_RECT_F rc = D2D1::RectF(0,0,400,100);CComPtr<ID2D1SolidColorBrush> pTextBrush;g_pD2D1HwndRender->CreateSolidColorBrush(D2D1::ColorF(RGB(155,0,255), 2.0), &pTextBrush);CComPtr<ID2D1SolidColorBrush> pLineBrush;g_pD2D1HwndRender->CreateSolidColorBrush(D2D1::ColorF(RGB(0,0,255), 1.0), &pLineBrush);g_pD2D1HwndRender->DrawLine(D2D1::Point2F(0.0f, 0.0f), D2D1::Point2F(400.0F, 100.0F), pLineBrush, 1.0);g_pD2D1HwndRender->DrawText(pText, wcslen(pText), g_pDWriteFormat, rc, pTextBrush);//GDI绘制if ( g_pD2DGdiRender == NULL ){g_pD2D1HwndRender->EndDraw();return ;}HDC hDC = NULL;HRESULT hr = g_pD2DGdiRender->GetDC(D2D1_DC_INITIALIZE_MODE_COPY, &hDC);if ( SUCCEEDED(hr) ){{Graphics g(hDC);Image image(L"1.jpg");g.DrawImage(&image, 420, 220, 300, 200);}//绘制文字HFONT hOldFont = (HFONT)SelectObject(hDC, g_hTextFont);SetTextColor(hDC, RGB(255,0,155));SetBkMode(hDC, TRANSPARENT);RECT rcText = {0,100,400,200};pText = L"Hello world!!! by GDI";DrawText(hDC, pText, wcslen(pText), &rcText, DT_CENTER|DT_VCENTER|DT_SINGLELINE);SelectObject(hDC, hOldFont);//绘制线条HPEN hPen = CreatePen(PS_SOLID, 2, RGB(255,0,0));HPEN hOldPen = (HPEN)SelectObject(hDC, hPen);POINT pt;MoveToEx(hDC, 0, 100, &pt);LineTo(hDC, 400, 200);SelectObject(hDC, hOldPen);DeleteObject(hPen);g_pD2DGdiRender->ReleaseDC(NULL);}g_pD2D1HwndRender->EndDraw();
}BOOL OnCreate( HWND hWnd )
{if ( !InitD2DResource() )goto __error;if ( !InitDeviceResource(hWnd) )goto __error;ID2D1Bitmap* pBitmap = NULL;HRESULT hr = LoadBitmapFromFile(g_pD2D1HwndRender, g_pWicImageFactory, L"1.jpg", 0, 500, &pBitmap);if ( SUCCEEDED(hr) ){g_pBkImage = pBitmap;}goto __successed;
__error:PostQuitMessage(0);return FALSE;
__successed:return TRUE;
}HRESULT LoadBitmapFromFile(ID2D1RenderTarget *pRenderTarget,IWICImagingFactory *pIWICFactory,PCWSTR uri,UINT destinationWidth,UINT destinationHeight,ID2D1Bitmap **ppBitmap)
{HRESULT hr = S_OK;CComPtr<IWICBitmapDecoder>		pDecoder = NULL;CComPtr<IWICBitmapFrameDecode>	pSource = NULL;CComPtr<IWICStream>				pStream = NULL;CComPtr<IWICFormatConverter>	pConverter = NULL;CComPtr<IWICBitmapScaler>		pScaler = NULL;hr = pIWICFactory->CreateDecoderFromFilename(uri,NULL,GENERIC_READ,WICDecodeMetadataCacheOnLoad,&pDecoder);if ( FAILED(hr) )return hr;// Create the initial frame.hr = pDecoder->GetFrame(0, &pSource);if ( FAILED(hr) )return hr;hr = pIWICFactory->CreateFormatConverter(&pConverter);if ( FAILED(hr) )return hr;// If a new width or height was specified, create an// IWICBitmapScaler and use it to resize the image.if (destinationWidth == 0 && destinationHeight == 0)return S_FALSE;UINT originalWidth, originalHeight;hr = pSource->GetSize(&originalWidth, &originalHeight);if ( FAILED(hr) )return hr;if (destinationWidth == 0){FLOAT scalar = static_cast<FLOAT>(destinationHeight) / static_cast<FLOAT>(originalHeight);destinationWidth = static_cast<UINT>(scalar * static_cast<FLOAT>(originalWidth));}else if (destinationHeight == 0){FLOAT scalar = static_cast<FLOAT>(destinationWidth) / static_cast<FLOAT>(originalWidth);destinationHeight = static_cast<UINT>(scalar * static_cast<FLOAT>(originalHeight));}hr = pIWICFactory->CreateBitmapScaler(&pScaler);if ( FAILED(hr) )return hr;hr = pScaler->Initialize(pSource,destinationWidth,destinationHeight,WICBitmapInterpolationModeCubic);if ( FAILED(hr) )return hr;hr = pConverter->Initialize( pScaler, GUID_WICPixelFormat32bppPBGRA, WICBitmapDitherTypeNone,NULL, 0.f, WICBitmapPaletteTypeMedianCut );if ( FAILED(hr) )return hr;// Create a Direct2D bitmap from the WIC bitmap.hr = pRenderTarget->CreateBitmapFromWicBitmap( pConverter, NULL, ppBitmap );return hr;
}

基于COM的对象在使用完之后都应该调用Release()，当引用计数为0时，将删除这个对象。这里为了使用方便，用到了COM里的智能指针CComPtr，析构时会自动调用对象的Release方法，可以查看ATL源码。

运行图如下：