1、什么是动态路由？
2、动态路由的好处
3、动态路由如何实现

1、什么是动态路由？

动态路由，动态即不是写死的，是可变的。我们可以根据自己不同的需求加载不同的路由，做到不同的实现及页面的渲染。动态的路由存储可分为两种，一种是将路由存储到前端。另一种则是将路由存储到数据库。动态路由的使用一般结合角色权限控制一起使用。
总结：

     1）路由可变，不是写死的，动态加载2）存储分两种：存前端，存数据库

2、动态路由的好处

使用动态路由可以跟灵活，无需手工维护，我们可以使用一个页面对路由进行维护。如果将路由存储到数据库，还可以增加安全性。
总结：

     1）灵活，无需手工维护2）增加安全性

3、动态路由如何实现

在此以路由存储在数据库为例
流程：一般我们在登录的时候，根据登录用户的角色返回此角色可以访问的页面的路由，前端将路由存储到vuex(vuex存储的数据必须可持久的，不要一刷新页面就不见),我们在路由前置守卫处动态添加拿到的路由，对页面进行渲染。

1）此为我的router目录，index.js对路由添加，守卫拦截等处理。static-route.js为前端定义的静态路由，不需要动态加载的，如登陆页面，忘记密码页面，404页面等。

index.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import $cookies from 'vue-cookies'
import VueRouter from 'vue-router'
import store from '../store'​
import staticRoute from './static-route.js'​​​
Vue.use(VueRouter)​​
const router = new VueRouter({mode: 'history',base: process.env.BASE_URL,routes: staticRoute //staticRoute为静态路由，不需动态添加
})​
let isToken = true
router.beforeEach(async (to, from, next) => {//定义isToken为true和vuex不为空时添加路由if (isToken && store.state.routers.routers.length != 0) {//从vuex中获取动态路由const accessRouteses = await store.state.routers.routers;//动态路由循环解析和添加accessRouteses.forEach(v => {v.children = routerChildren(v.children);v.component = routerCom(v.component);router.addRoute(v); //添加})isToken = false //将isToken赋为 false ，否则会一直循环，崩溃next({...to, // next({ ...to })的目的,是保证路由添加完了再进入页面 (可以理解为重进一次)replace: true, // 重进一次, 不保留重复历史})​} else {if (to.name == null) {next("/404")} else {if (to.meta.title) { //判断是否有标题document.title = to.meta.title //给相应页面添加标题}next()}​}​
})​
function routerCom(path) { //对路由的component解析return (resolve) => require([`@/views/${path}`], resolve);
}​
function routerChildren(children) { //对子路由的component解析children.forEach(v => {v.component = routerCom(v.component);if (v.children != undefined) {v.children = routerChildren(v.children)}})return children
}​​
export default router​

2）登陆成功后将获取到的动态路由存储到vuex

vuex—>index.js

import Vue from 'vue'
import Vuex from 'vuex'
//数据持久化
import createPersistedState from "vuex-persistedstate";
​
Vue.use(Vuex)
const routers = {namespaced: true,state: () => ({routers:"",}),mutations: {routers(state, newsdata) {state.routers = newsdata},
​},actions: {routers(context) {context.commit('routers')},},getters: {routers(state) {console.log("getters", state)return state.routers},}
}
​
​
const store = new Vuex.Store({modules: {routers: routers,},// 数据持久化plugins: [createPersistedState({//key是存储数据的键名key: 'routersData',//paths是存储state中的那些数据，如果是模块下具体的数据需要加上模块名称，如user.token  paths: ["routers.routers"]})]
})
​
​
export default store

我的动态路由模板

//动态路由
const dynamicRoute = [{"path": "/main","name": "main","redirect": "/main/index","component": "main/main.vue","children": [{"path": "index","name": "index","component": "index/index.vue","meta": {"name": "index","title": "首页","icon": "el-icon-location","menu":true //true为菜单栏}},{"path": "Configuration","name": "Configuration","redirect": "Configuration/route","component": "Configuration/index.vue","roles": ['developer', "admin"], //  developer、admin角色的用户才能访问该页面"meta": {"title": "配置","icon": "el-icon-location","menu":true},"children": [{"path": "route","name": "route","component": "Configuration/route/index.vue","meta": {"title": "菜单","icon": "","menu":true},}, {"path": "user","name": "user","component": "Configuration/user/index.vue","meta": {"title": "用户管理","icon": "el-icon-location","menu":true},},{"path": "admin","name": "admin","component": "Configuration/admin/index.vue","meta": {"title": "管理员管理","icon": "","menu":true},},{"path": "userEdit","name": "userEdit","component": "Configuration/user/user-Edit.vue","meta": {"title": "编辑用户","icon": "","menu":false},},  ]},{"path": "check","name": "check","redirect": "check/user","component": "check/index.vue","roles": ['developer', "admin", "check"], //  developer、admin角色的用户才能访问该页面"meta": {"title": "审核","icon": "el-icon-location","menu":true},"children": [{"path": "user","name": "checkUser","component": "check/check-user/index.vue","meta": {"title": "用户实名审核","icon": "el-icon-location","menu":true}},{"path": "enterprise","name": "checkEnterprise","component": "check/check-enterprise/index.vue","meta": {"title": "企业认证审核","icon": "el-icon-location","menu":true},},{"path": "checkNormImage","name": "checkNormImage","component": "check/check-norm-image/index.vue","meta": {"title": "标准照认证审核","icon": "el-icon-location","menu":true},},{"path": "checkHiringJobs","name": "checkHiringJobs","component": "check/check-hiring-Jobs/index.vue","meta": {"title": "求职、招聘认证审核","icon": "el-icon-location","menu":true},}]
​}]
}, ]
export default dynamicRoute

路由管理界面（可能有不完善的地方）

讲一讲遇到的坑及注意点

1. “component”: “check/check-norm-image/index.vue”, 用字符串再在解析，不要像静态路由一样。否则第一次进去可以，刷新就变空白

2. 此处为重要的一点，直接用next()不行

next({...to, // next({ ...to })的目的,是保证路由添加完了再进入页面 (可以理解为重进一次)replace: true, // 重进一次, 不保留重复历史})

3）由于添加完路由还会重复执行一遍路由守卫，所有必须确保不要一直死循环添加路由。否则直接崩溃。这里我用的是isToken变量确保不循环。

分享：

走进了一间屋子，如果你是最牛的人，那么你就走错了地方。我的理解：你将没有进步的空间，止步于此。