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博文配套视频课程：24小时实现从零到AI人工智能

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爬虫的伪装

如果不进行伪装则我们每次采用相同IP抓取数据时可以会被目前服务器的防火墙之别，伪装有两种：配置代理IP和user-agent中间件编写,需要先注册阿布云

动态IP接入指南

注册阿布云之后，可以选择1元购买1小时进行动态IP的测试。如果购买成功打开对应的接入指南会有提示scrapy的相关配置

import base64# 代理服务器proxyServer = "http://http-dyn.abuyun.com:9020"# 代理隧道验证信息proxyUser = "H01234567890123D"proxyPass = "0123456789012345"# for Python2proxyAuth = "Basic " + base64.b64encode(proxyUser + ":" + proxyPass)# for Python3#proxyAuth = "Basic " + base64.urlsafe_b64encode(bytes((proxyUser + ":" + proxyPass), "ascii")).decode("utf8")class ProxyMiddleware(object):def process_request(self, request, spider):request.meta["proxy"] = proxyServerrequest.headers["Proxy-Authorization"] = proxyAuth              

IP代理中间件编写

根据上面的接入指南，采用创建一个ProxyMiddleware配置相关的信息即可完成动态IP的配置

import base64# 代理服务器
proxyServer = "http://http-dyn.abuyun.com:9020"
# 代理隧道验证信息
proxy_name_pass = b"HH59908195O5720D:4B4748D2DBD1B53D"
# for Python2
proxyAuth = base64.b64encode(proxy_name_pass)class ProxyMiddleware(object):def process_request(self, request, spider):request.meta["proxy"] = proxyServerrequest.headers["Proxy-Authorization"] = "Basic " + proxyAuth.decode()

Setting中配置Middleware

DOWNLOADER_MIDDLEWARES = {# 未来完成ajax加载'douban.middlewares.DoubanDownloaderMiddleware': 544,# IP伪装'douban.proxymiddlewares.ProxyMiddleware': 542,# User-Agent伪装'douban.user_agent_middlewares.UserAgentMiddleware': 543,
}