实战总结：邮箱发送验证码

article/2025/11/9 5:50:07

java邮箱发送验证码

目前项目中需要同时支持短信和邮箱验证，短信用的是腾讯云就不多说了，在此分享一下邮箱验证码发送。
首先，作为发送邮箱，需要开启POP3/SMTP/IMAP，登录邮箱–设置–账户–开启POP3/SMTP/IMAP，开启时可能会有短信验证，开启后显示验证码之类的一串英文，复制保存起来，后面要用
在这里插入图片描述
开启之后就可以作为发送邮箱，发验证码给用户了，代码如下
pom包引入：

<!--邮箱发送-->
<dependency><groupId>com.sun.mail</groupId><artifactId>javax.mail</artifactId><version>1.6.2</version>
</dependency>

邮箱发送工具类：

package com.es.biz.common.utils;import com.sun.mail.util.MailSSLSocketFactory;import javax.mail.Message;
import javax.mail.Session;
import javax.mail.Transport;
import javax.mail.internet.InternetAddress;
import javax.mail.internet.MimeMessage;
import java.util.Properties;/*** 邮箱发送工具类*/
public class MailUtils {public static void main(String[] args) {sendMail("邮件接收者");}/*** 发送验证码** @param receiveMail* @throws Exception*/public static void sendMail(String receiveMail) {Properties prop = new Properties();// 开启debug调试，以便在控制台查看prop.setProperty("mail.debug", "true");// 设置邮件服务器主机名prop.setProperty("mail.host", "smtp.163.com");// 发送服务器需要身份验证prop.setProperty("mail.smtp.auth", "true");// 发送邮件协议名称prop.setProperty("mail.transport.protocol", "smtp");// 开启SSL加密，否则会失败try {MailSSLSocketFactory sf = new MailSSLSocketFactory();sf.setTrustAllHosts(true);prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.enable", "true");prop.put("mail.smtp.ssl.socketFactory", sf);// 创建sessionSession session = Session.getInstance(prop);// 通过session得到transport对象Transport ts = session.getTransport();// 连接邮件服务器：邮箱类型，帐号，POP3/SMTP协议授权码 163使用：smtp.163.com，qq使用：smtp.qq.comts.connect("smtp.163.com", "邮件发出者", "上面保存的验证码（一串英文）");// 创建邮件Message message = createSimpleMail(session, receiveMail);// 发送邮件ts.sendMessage(message, message.getAllRecipients());ts.close();} catch (Exception e) {e.printStackTrace();}}/*** @Method: createSimpleMail* @Description: 创建一封只包含文本的邮件*/public static MimeMessage createSimpleMail(Session session, String receiveMail) throws Exception {//  获取6位随机验证码（英文）String[] letters = new String[]{"q", "w", "e", "r", "t", "y", "u", "i", "o", "p", "a", "s", "d", "f", "g", "h", "j", "k", "l", "z", "x", "c", "v", "b", "n", "m","A", "W", "E", "R", "T", "Y", "U", "I", "O", "P", "A", "S", "D", "F", "G", "H", "J", "K", "L", "Z", "X", "C", "V", "B", "N", "M","0", "1", "2", "3", "4", "5", "6", "7", "8", "9"};StringBuilder stringBuilder = new StringBuilder();for (int i = 0; i < 6; i++) {stringBuilder.append(letters[(int) Math.floor(Math.random() * letters.length)]);}//获取6位随机验证码（中文），根据项目需要选择中英文String verifyCode = String.valueOf(new Random().nextInt(899999) + 100000);// 创建邮件对象MimeMessage message = new MimeMessage(session);// 指明邮件的发件人message.setFrom(new InternetAddress("邮件发出者"));// 指明邮件的收件人，现在发件人和收件人是一样的，那就是自己给自己发message.setRecipient(Message.RecipientType.TO, new InternetAddress(receiveMail));// 邮件的标题message.setSubject("验证码");// 邮件的文本内容message.setContent("您的验证码：" + verifyCode + "，如非本人操作，请忽略！请勿回复此邮箱", "text/html;charset=UTF-8");// 返回创建好的邮件对象return message;}
}