Android学习之RecyclerView的使用

article/2025/11/10 16:46:47

RecyclerView是Android 5.0推出的，是support-v7包中的新组件,它被用来代替ListView和GridView，并且能够实现瀑布流的布局，更加高级并且更加灵活，提供更为高效的回收复用机制，同时实现管理与视图的解耦合。
官方文档解释：

A flexible view for providing a limited window into a large data set.

        我将通过演示一个简单的例子让大家来感受RecyclerView的魅力。
        1.添加依赖
        1.1打开File —> Project Structure或点击快捷图标或者快捷键ctrl+shift+alt+s
         在这里插入图片描述

        1.2选中app —> Dependencies —> 点击加号 —> Library dependence

        1.3在选择框中输入recyclerview，选择v7包
         在这里插入图片描述

        1.4成功添加
在这里插入图片描述

        2.添加布局
        在activity_main.xml中添加如下代码

<android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerViewandroid:id="@+id/recycler_view"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"></android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView>

3.新建一个item_dome.xml，为RecyclerView内的元素设定xml样式

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"android:orientation="vertical" android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="50dp"><TextViewandroid:id="@+id/text_view"android:layout_width="match_parent"android:layout_height="match_parent"android:gravity="center"android:text="测试"android:layout_marginRight="1dp"android:layout_marginLeft="1dp"android:layout_marginTop="1dp"android:layout_marginBottom="1dp"android:textColor="@android:color/holo_red_dark"android:background="@android:color/holo_blue_dark" />
</LinearLayout>

        4.创建适配器继承RecyclerView.Adapter
        步骤：
        1.创建适配器类继承自RecyclerView.Adapter，泛型传入RecyclerView.ViewHolder类。
        2.创建内部类即RecyclerView.ViewHolder类的子类，并初始化item的控件。
        3.重写RecyclerView.Adapter类的相关方法。

package lession.example.com.recyclerviewdemo;import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.view.LayoutInflater;
import android.view.View;
import android.view.ViewGroup;
import android.widget.TextView;
import java.util.List;/*① 创建一个继承RecyclerView.Adapter<VH>的Adapter类② 创建一个继承RecyclerView.ViewHolder的静态内部类③ 在Adapter中实现3个方法：onCreateViewHolder()onBindViewHolder()getItemCount()*/
public class RecycleAdapterDome extends RecyclerView.Adapter<RecycleAdapterDome.MyViewHolder>{private Context context;private List<String> list;private View inflater;//构造方法，传入数据public RecycleAdapterDome(Context context, List<String> list){this.context = context;this.list = list;}@Overridepublic MyViewHolder onCreateViewHolder(ViewGroup parent, int viewType) {//创建ViewHolder，返回每一项的布局inflater = LayoutInflater.from(context).inflate(R.layout.item_dome,parent,false);MyViewHolder myViewHolder = new MyViewHolder(inflater);return myViewHolder;}@Overridepublic void onBindViewHolder(MyViewHolder holder, int position) {//将数据和控件绑定holder.textView.setText(list.get(position));}@Overridepublic int getItemCount() {//返回Item总条数return list.size();}//内部类，绑定控件class MyViewHolder extends RecyclerView.ViewHolder{TextView textView;public MyViewHolder(View itemView) {super(itemView);textView = (TextView) itemView.findViewById(R.id.text_view);}}
}

        5.MainActivity.java中
        步骤：
        1.获取RecyclerView对象。
        2.初始化数据。
        3.适配器实例化。
        4.设置LayoutManager
        5. 设置Adapter 。

package lession.example.com.recyclerviewdemo;import android.content.Context;
import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;
import android.os.Bundle;
import android.support.v7.widget.GridLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.LinearLayoutManager;
import android.support.v7.widget.RecyclerView;
import android.support.v7.widget.StaggeredGridLayoutManager;import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {private RecyclerView recyclerView;//声明RecyclerViewprivate RecycleAdapterDome adapterDome;//声明适配器private Context context;private List<String> list;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);context = this;setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);recyclerView = (RecyclerView) findViewById(R.id.recycler_view);list = new ArrayList<>();for (int i=0;i<10;i++){list.add("这是第"+i+"个测试");}//adapterDome = new RecycleAdapterDome(context,list);/*与ListView效果对应的可以通过LinearLayoutManager来设置与GridView效果对应的可以通过GridLayoutManager来设置与瀑布流对应的可以通过StaggeredGridLayoutManager来设置*///LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(context,LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL,false);LinearLayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(context);manager.setOrientation(LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL);//RecyclerView.LayoutManager manager = new LinearLayoutManager(context,LinearLayoutManager.VERTICAL,false);//GridLayoutManager manager1 = new GridLayoutManager(context,2);//manager1.setOrientation(GridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);//StaggeredGridLayoutManager manager2 = new StaggeredGridLayoutManager(3, StaggeredGridLayoutManager.VERTICAL);recyclerView.setLayoutManager(manager);recyclerView.setAdapter(adapterDome);}
}