生词

property=characteristic=feature	n 特征
substantially=significantly=largely=considerably	adv 极大地
allege=assert=suppose	v 断言
allegedly=supposedly	adv 据说
ideal=perfect	adj 理想的
ideally=perfectly	adv 理想地
capacity=ability capacity=available storage space	n 能力 n 容量
durable=existing for a long time without significant damage =long lasting	adj 耐用的
hasten=speed up=hurry=rush=accelerate	v 催促
allied=related	adj 联合的
compilation=collection	n 编纂
cycle=pattern of events that repeat themselves	n 循环

disperse=spread=scatter=spread out=diffuse	v 扩散
dispersal=distribution=diffusion	n 扩散
elevate=raise	v 举起
elevated=high	adj 高的
inconclusive=not definitive=not decisive	adj 非决定性的
corroborate=confirm	v 确认
persuasive=convincing	adj 有说服力的
----------------------------------------------	-------------------------------------
unethical=improper	adj 不道德的
succeeding=following	adj 以后的
hierarchy=system of ranking	n 等级制度
hierarchical=having several levels of authority	adj 等级（制度）的

superficially=on the first impression = Without deeper analysis	adv 浅薄地
intrusive=unwelcome	adj 侵入的
customarily=commonly=usually	adv 通常来说
mundane=ordinary	adj 平凡的
contract to=reduce to	缩减
ringed=ring-shaped=surrounded	adj 环形的
fabricate=produce	v 制造
barring=except for	prep 除了
----------------------------------------------	-------------------------------------
intact=incomplete form=whole	adj 完整的
=complete=undamaged	adj 完整的
=without breaking into pieces	adj 完整的

熟词

install=put in place	v 安装
initiate=introduce=begin=start	v 开始准备
🫐related to=in proportion to	关于🫐
distinct=separate=clear	adj 不同的
distinction=difference	n 差别
promote=encourage	v 推动
favorable=advantageous	adj 有利的
unfavorable=disadvantageous=negative	adj 不利的
reinforce=make stronger=support=strengthen	v 加强
🫐be distracted by an unfamiliar stimulus =🫐 The stimulus shifts the attention of	干扰🫐🫐🫐
mutual=shared	adj 相互的
specified=stated=typical	adj 指定的

booming=rapidly growing	adj 激增的
anticipate=expect=predict	v 预期
unanticipated=not expected	adj 意料之外的
constituent=component	n 构成部分
gradual=slow	adj 渐进的
artificial=manmade=made by humans =human-made=not real	adj 人造的
classic=typical	adj 经典的，典型的
collective=group	n 集体
evolve=develop	v 进化
exclude=keep out=remove	v 排除
fortunately=luckily	adv 幸运地
seldom=rarely=not often	adv 很少
resolve=settle	v 解决

阅读真题

(20)

The Mediterranean society shifted from an agricultural-based, hierarchical society to a war-driven dictatorship.

hierarchical=having several levels of authority

hierarchical / ˌhaɪəˈrɑːrkɪkl /

Mediterranean / ˌmedɪtəˈreɪniən / adj.地中海的；（肤色）浅黑的

n.地中海（the Mediterranean）；地中海地区（the Mediterranean）；地中海沿岸国家居民

war-driven 战争驱动的

dictatorship / ˌdɪkˈteɪtərʃɪp / n.专政；独裁权；独裁者职位

dependent on military support 依赖于军事支持

based on merit / ˈmerɪt / 依据成绩择优录取

nondemocratic /nɑːn ˌdeməˈkrætɪk / adj.非民主的

(40)

With the 1:20,000 scale provided in the map's legend, the real length of the trail was related to the small drawing on the map.

由于地图图例中提供了1:20 000的比例尺，因此实际的步道长度与地图上的小图有关。

related to=in proportion to 关于

a family of 一个家庭

identical with 与……相同

(41)

On his way to the coop, the chicken is distracted by an unfamiliar stimulus and he fails to reach his nest.

coop / kuːp / v.把……关进笼子里；拘禁 n.（关鸡等的）笼子；捕鱼篓

distracted = made distraught

distracted $\neq$ preoccupied

adj.注意力分散的，心烦意乱的v.使分心，使转移注意力；<古>使困惑（distract 的过去式和过去分词） $\neq$ adj.全神贯注的，心事重重的；被先占的 v.使全神贯注，占据（某人的思想）；提前占据（preoccupy 的过去式和过去分词形式）

preoccupied with one's thoughts elsewhere 心不在焉

distraught adj.发狂的；心烦意乱的

make distraught 使心烦意乱的

abstract adj.抽象的，纯概念的；（艺术）抽象派的；理论上的，不切实际的

n.摘要，梗概；抽象画，抽象派艺术作品；抽象的概念

v.抽象化，从理论上（或孤立地）考虑；提取，使分离；写……的摘要；偷走，窃取；退出

(50)

In effect, as molten glass cools, it progressively stiffens until rigid, but does so without setting up a network of interlocking crystals customarily associated with that process.

事实上，随着融化的玻璃冷却，它持续地变硬，但是...